tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19176587003557473612024-02-02T16:49:19.740-08:00BlogGreg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.comBlogger27125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-14500418539659482522018-07-19T12:48:00.000-07:002018-07-30T15:22:10.074-07:00A Dangerous Element? The Incarceration of Japanese Latin Americans During World War II<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="text-indent: 0.5in;">BY EVAN TUCKER</b></h4></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd8zgT6MHAY8YCJpRX_0FuYGEioevCAfZ7Fjm19MHvU8UnmZ-FeTBQmDjlbO8cdL6YFqxRdfQ-SmWiJVGrj8_UTSW9X1O5M5nFh3tc5aXcUfyhoyufi8A1v1xAZN6rIiNudOMt_dqhIZw/s1600/scanned_doc3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1085" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd8zgT6MHAY8YCJpRX_0FuYGEioevCAfZ7Fjm19MHvU8UnmZ-FeTBQmDjlbO8cdL6YFqxRdfQ-SmWiJVGrj8_UTSW9X1O5M5nFh3tc5aXcUfyhoyufi8A1v1xAZN6rIiNudOMt_dqhIZw/s640/scanned_doc3.jpg" width="432" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10242/rec/1"><span style="font-size: small;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10242/rec/1</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table><b style="text-indent: 0in;"><i>A note on terminology</i></b><i style="text-indent: 0in;">: Many scholars and Japanese American activists use the term “incareration” rather than “internment” to describe the mass round up and imprisonment of people of Japanese descent, in the western United States by the War Relocation Authority (WRA), during World War II. This is because from a legal prospective, internment refers to the imprisonment of foreign nationals during wartime, who were suspected of espionage. The vast majority of people who were arrested by the WRA were U.S. citizens and all of them were arrested solely because of their race and geographical location. A smaller group of Japanese nationals were arrested by the FBI, and after hearings, were imprisoned in Justice Department camps. This type of imprisonment constitutes “internment.” The imprisonment of Japanese Latin Americans in the United States during WWII is complicated to categorize because they were not residing in the United States when they were arrested. But because they were foreign nationals being held in the same Justice Department camps I will refer to their imprisonment as “internment.</i><i style="text-indent: 0in;">”</i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0in;"><b><u><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction</span></u></b><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">During World War II, the United States government developed three separate programs that deprived thousands of people of Japanese descent of their liberty. The most well-known program was operated by the US War Relocation Authority, which incarcerated 110,000 US citizens and residents of Japanese descent living in California, Oregon and Washington.</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[1]</span> </span></span></a><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Another program was operated by the Justice Department and led to the internment of 17,000 Japanese nationals living throughout the United States. The third and least-known program involved the internment of Latin American citizens and residents of Japanese ancestry. From 1942 to 1945, </span><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">the US Department of War took 2,260 </span><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Japanese Latin Americans from their home countries and interned them in the United States.</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[2]</span> </span></span></a><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">These Japanese Latin American prisoners lived in internment camps operated by the US Department of Justice for the duration of the war. The combination of xenophobia in countries like Peru and wartime hysteria in the United States led the US government to intern ethnic Japanese from Latin America. This program resulted in a significant deprivation of rights and considerable hardships for the Japanese Latin American prisoners.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;"> </span><span style="font-size: normal;">The US government treated these Japanese Latin American internees like prisoners of war, even though they were civilians living outside the conflict zone.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[3]</span> </span></span></a>The US government was able to get the cooperation of Latin American governments because prejudice against Japanese people throughout the western hemisphere was at an all time high due to the Great Depression and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Though this scheme is different from the better known incarceration efforts of the War Relocation Authority, both programs were motivated by racism and violated the legal rights of these prisoners.</span><br />
<b style="text-indent: 0in;"><u><span style="font-size: normal;"><br />
</span></u></b> <b style="text-indent: 0in;"><u><span style="font-size: small;">Development of the Japanese Latin American Incarceration Program</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">I</span><span style="font-size: normal;">mmediately after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt signed Presidential Proclamations 2525, 2526 and 2527.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[4]</span> </span></a></span>These proclamations authorized the United States government to detain dangerous enemy aliens of Japanese, German and Italian nationality. Foreign citizens arrested in the US under these laws received some limited due process in the form a hearing before a board organized by the US Department of Justice.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[5]</span> </span></span></a>The Department of Justice also organized the camps to incarcerate these foreign citizens. During the course of the war, the Department of Justice detained 31,275 “alien enemies,” over half of whom were Japanese.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[</span><span style="font-size: normal;">6]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: normal;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">Though the Department of Justice initially created camps for citizens of the Axis powers residing within the United States, the focus of this internment effort would expand considerably. By 1942, the federal government began exercising this power beyond its borders against the Japanese, German, and Italian populations of Latin American nations willing to participate in the international internment program. Some of those people were citizens of the Latin American countries in which they lived, while others were legal residents. Regardless of citizenship status, these prisoners all fared the same. They received no due process prior to being incarcerated in the United States.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[7]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">After interning these civilians from Latin America, the US government decided that Japanese Latin American internees would be treated in accordance with the Geneva Conventions. The Immigration and Naturalization Service sent a memo entitled “Instructions Concerning the Treatment of Alien Enemy Detainees dated April 28, 1942” to employees at the Crystal City, Texas incarceration camp. The memo stated:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">The minimum standards of treatment which have been established and which must prevail throughout this Service are based upon the provision of the Convention between the United States of America and forty-six other Powers (including those with whom this nation is now at war) Relating to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Treaty Series No. 846), known generally as the Geneva Convention of 1929. The Government of the United States has agreed with the belligerent powers to apply these provisions to civilian enemy internees wherever applicable. Copies of the Geneva Conventions have heretofore been supplied to various districts</span><span style="font-size: normal;">.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;">[8]</span></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image #1</b></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="color: black;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Letter from the Lemuel B. Schofield, Special Assistant to the Attorney General to the Immigration and Naturalization Service re: instructions concerning the treatment of alien enemy detainees, April 28, 1942 <o:p></o:p></i><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10414/rec/1" style="color: #954f72; font-size: medium;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10414/rec/1</a></div></td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivL-zbZQybDfPburu-0IYNSu9jRGuYF1Z0XlQXXCedh_LHXBeIF5kbRHCAE1SOD-umlZw1zgtk3i7Od6hlIIWcPQ5Wu5ORyT3CRnjjjcgKBOT7IIrPlbHHp3DR6f_2oPgcq-7PP4lil_E/s1600/blogged_doc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1256" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivL-zbZQybDfPburu-0IYNSu9jRGuYF1Z0XlQXXCedh_LHXBeIF5kbRHCAE1SOD-umlZw1zgtk3i7Od6hlIIWcPQ5Wu5ORyT3CRnjjjcgKBOT7IIrPlbHHp3DR6f_2oPgcq-7PP4lil_E/s640/blogged_doc.jpg" width="499" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Correspondence from Lemuel B. Schofield to the Immigration and Naturalization Service regarding "instructions concerning the treatment of enemy alien detainees." Covers humane treatment, quarters, sanitation, exercise and fresh air, food, clothing, bedding, canteens, work, recreation, religious service, visitors, internal relations, censorship, money and valuables, discipline, medical care, civil processes, death and burial, and posting of the Geneva Convention. Included in the Mary F. Clark scrapbook, "Before I Forget," page 4. See also sac_jaac_1334 through sac_jaac_1529.</td></tr>
</tbody></table></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: normal;">The content of this memo is significant for a two reasons. First, the memo acknowledges that the Japanese Latin American internees are civilians and not actually prisoners of war. This is significant because the only legitimate categories of prisoners that the Geneva Conventions of 1929 acknowledge are prisoners of war and civilians following the military inside the conflict zone. There were no provisions governing the arrest of civilians outside the conflict zone because there was no legitimate reason for such a person to be imprisoned without due process. Second, this memo establishes the legal framework through which Japanese Latin American internees could attempt to exercise their rights and seek redress.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[9]</span> </span></span></a>In some ways this put Japanese Latin American internees in a legally advantageous position because the Geneva Conventions clearly delineated their rights under international law and the Japanese government had the power to demand that these rights be recognized. However, unlike other kinds of internees, Japanese Latin Americans had no access to due process. Japanese nationals residing in the US who were incarcerated by the Justice Department received hearings before special boards and Japanese Americans who were incarcerated in War Relocation Authority camps could challenge their detention in federal court. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">The US government argued that Japanese incarceration was a necessary step to protect the region from the threat of Japanese espionage and invasion. Jerre Mangione, special assistant to the United States Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization during the war, confirmed in his memoirs that the interment program occurred because of the US government’s quest for hemispheric security. Magione argues, “The rationale for this international form of kidnapping was that by immobilizing influential German and Japanese nationals who might aid and abet the Axis war effort in the Latin American countries where they lived, the United States was preventing the spread of Nazism throughout the hemisphere and thereby strengthening its own security.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[10]</span> </span></span></a>US officials worried that these foreign operatives would destabilize friendly governments, spread anti-American propaganda, collect intelligence on American military installations or even facilitate an invasion in Latin America.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[11]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">Early in the war, published reports of a Japanese “fifth column” in Latin America helped fan the flames of fear that the ethnic Japanese within those countries were organizing on behalf of the Japanese government. In 1942, Uruguayan politician Hugo Fernandez Artucio published a book in the United States entitled <i>The Nazi Underground in South America</i>. In his book Artucio claimed, “In this part of America, the Japanese would be the natural instrument of penetration for Nazism; consequently, Peru’s obvious enemy is the Japanese. This is recognized by many of her leaders, who favor all the precautionary measures provided for in the law of national security.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[12]</span> </span></span></a>American reviewers of Artucio’s book took this premise seriously and chimed in with similar sentiments. In a review of Artucio’s book in the <i>Saturday Review</i>, Stephen Naft wrote, “in Peru 20,000 formed part of the Nazi storm troops, and most of these are Japanese officers in the Japanese army.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[13]</span> </span></span></a><i>Foreign Affairs </i>writer Robert Gale Woolbert acknowledged that Artucio “fails to provide adequate documentation” of his claims about Axis subversion in Latin America, possibly because his book contains no footnotes or bibliography. Nevertheless, Woolbert informed his reader that Artucio’s “warning is certainly one that the Americas can ignore only at their peril.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[14]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;"> These fears the US government developed this international incarceration program that included agreements with fifteen Latin American countries to incarcerate a portion of their ethnic Japanese population. This agreement called for local law enforcement to round up members of their country’s ethnic Japanese population, who were then picked up by the US military and interned on American soil. While some countries, such as Mexico and Brazil refused, to allow the removal of ethnic Japanese to the U.S., fifteen other Latin American countries would ultimately cooperate with the United States in removing people of Japanese ancestry.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[15]</span> </span></span></a>Of these cooperative nations, Peru was by far the most enthusiastic participant. From 1942 to 1945, Japanese-Peruvians constituted 84 percent of the Japanese Latin Americans incarcerated in the United States.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[16]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: normal;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0in;"><b><u><span style="font-size: small;">The Japanese Peruvians</span></u></b><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Peru was a major proponent of Japanese removal because of widespread prejudice against Japanese in Peru and pressure from the United States government. This push for removal took place in the context of a worldwide economic depression, which led to increased discrimination against the Japanese community in Peru and other Latin American countries. As a modestly prosperous and unassimilated minority during hard economic times, the Japanese in certain Latin American countries were the subject of economic envy and contempt.</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-normal;">[17]</span> </span></span></a><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">The United States was particularly focused on Peru because 75 percent of the Japanese on the Pacific coast of South America lived within its borders and the country had the second largest Japanese population in Latin American.</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[18]</span></span></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">Anti-Japanese actions were already being taken by Latin American governments before the war, and accelerated once the war began. In 1936, the Peruvian government passed a law that prevented Japanese immigrants from becoming Peruvian citizens.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[19]</span> </span></span></a>Similarly, Panamanians also modified their constitution in the 1930s to end immigration of the “yellow race.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn20" name="_ftnref20" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[20]</span> </span></span></a>Panama ultimately sent its entire Japanese population to the US for internment.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn21" name="_ftnref21" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[21]</span> </span></span></a>In 1942, the Peruvian President made it clear that he wanted the entire ethnic Japanese population of Peru taken to the United States for internment and not repatriated at the war’s end.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn22" name="_ftnref22" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[22]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">Rather than engage in the massive undertaking of rounding up Peru’s large Japanese population, the United State government chose to assemble a list of Japanese Peruvians for arrest. Virtually all of the government officials that created this list of dangerous Japanese Peruvians did not speak Japanese.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn23" name="_ftnref23" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[23]</span> </span></span></a>This language handicap interfered with those officials’ ability to determine if the targeted individuals were actually covert operatives of the government of Japan. Furthermore, the existence of this “blacklist” did not prevent Peruvian officials from arresting people of Japanese ancestry not on the list.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn24" name="_ftnref24" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[24]</span> </span></span></a>According to immigration official Jerre Mangione, “this mind-boggling extension of the Monroe Doctrine turned out to be something of a farce since, according to at least two camp commanders, a number of the aliens brought from Latin America were impoverished peasants who had been paid to act as substitutes for the aliens originally arrested.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn25" name="_ftnref25" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[25]</span> </span></span></a>For years after the end of the war, Peru fought against the repatriation of ethnic Japanese internees, including those who were Peruvian citizens. As a result, the majority of these internees were sent to Japan at the end of the war.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn26" name="_ftnref26" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;">[26]</span></span></a></span><br />
<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn26" name="_ftnref26" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 2<o:p></o:p></b></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="color: black;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>The Hirayama family aboard the Liner Matsonian </i><br />
<i><o:p></o:p></i><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/11074/rec/6" style="color: #954f72; font-size: medium;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/11074/rec/6</a></div></td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMe_SbVMFfhSccTn8jkRaf_HoCUc5YTv1X-ODYma4PRawg9DUt-T5mOuKKLv9iaBJU-6pQrLHH7EzASLZtTmQYdGd4adHNtnJXSFlTyYJIJLAOf18g4rIK1yv4e6fOMABwLEhiBJEjwY/s1600/blogdoc1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1507" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMe_SbVMFfhSccTn8jkRaf_HoCUc5YTv1X-ODYma4PRawg9DUt-T5mOuKKLv9iaBJU-6pQrLHH7EzASLZtTmQYdGd4adHNtnJXSFlTyYJIJLAOf18g4rIK1yv4e6fOMABwLEhiBJEjwY/s400/blogdoc1.jpg" width="376" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Scrapbook page containing a black and white photograph of the Hirayama family aboard the steam liner, Matsonian, as they are repatriated to Japan. From the Mary F. Clark scrapbook, "Before I Forget," page 135. See also sac_jaac_1334 through sac_jaac_1529.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<o:p></o:p></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">American diplomat John K. Emmerson, was the only American or Peruvian official involved in this operation that could speak Japanese. In his memoir published in 1978 Emmerson refuted the idea that the Japanese in Peru were a threat to the US or Peruvian governments. Emmerson wrote, “During my period of service in the embassy, we found no reliable evidence of planned or contemplated acts of sabotage, subversion, or espionage. Stories that many adult male Japanese in Peru held commissions in the imperial army and navy were never verified.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn27" name="_ftnref27" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[27]</span> </span></span></a>While it is true that Emmerson found no reliable evidence of espionage by the ethnic Japanese in Peru, what he fails to mention is that he was one of the main officials making accusations that fanned the flames of bigotry. <span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 3<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Japanese in Peru </i><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7114/rec/1" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7114/rec/1</a><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRW7o5RJ5vX5dzslsb6SYUMnPxj965xuifSywKw1__AtkaXyL7XUeGBPnhcfe0A7qHtxFB-spPkobXbHIypJK7DchoWp_JuntJUraoqKJreHc6Z3UDmqo4XfIMO-oXNfzr6y0U3n0otIo/s1600/scanned+blog+docdoc2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1248" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRW7o5RJ5vX5dzslsb6SYUMnPxj965xuifSywKw1__AtkaXyL7XUeGBPnhcfe0A7qHtxFB-spPkobXbHIypJK7DchoWp_JuntJUraoqKJreHc6Z3UDmqo4XfIMO-oXNfzr6y0U3n0otIo/s400/scanned+blog+docdoc2.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This study conducted by John K. Emmerson, Second Secretary of Embassy, includes the history of Japanese immigrants in Peru and how these immigrants play a role in World War II. This study intends to "report as accurately as possible, on the basis of sources available, the history, development, and actual status of the Japanese colony and evaluate its present danger, and to discuss the possible position of these Japanese in the post-war period."</td></tr>
</tbody></table></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Unfortunately, it was these unsubstantiated rumors that created substantial hardships for Japanese Peruvians. This meant Peruvian officials often arrested ethnic Japanese men for reasons that had nothing to do with espionage or illegal activity. Many men were arrested because they were prominent members of the Japanese-Peruvian community such as Art Shibayama’s father. According to Art Shibayama, his father went into hiding when he realized the police were after him and the police arrested Art’s mother instead. Art’s eleven year-old sister went with her mother to jail so that she wouldn’t have to be there alone. When Art’s father learned that his wife and young daughter were in jail he came out of hiding and Peruvian authorities put the whole family on a US army transport to New Orleans.</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn28" name="_ftnref28" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[28]</span></span></span></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">Art Shibayama and his family were only one among the many families that experienced tremendous hardships because of the Latin American internment program. Nearly 65 years after the end of the war, another former internee, Libia Yamamoto, still vividly remembered her experience on an American military ship:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: small;">Boarding the ship was horrifying because there were U.S. soldiers on board<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: small;">pointing their big guns at us as if we were criminals. When we got to New Orleans officials inspected our baggage and some families had precious belongings thrown into the water. The Peruvians on our ship were among the lucky ones, because I later learned from my friend that she and other women and children were let off their ship first and marched to a warehouse. They were ordered to strip and stand in line naked, and then were sprayed with insecticide. I can’t imagine the humiliation my friend felt having to strip her clothes off in front of boys who are our age.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn29" name="_ftnref29" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[29]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Art Shibayama’s eleven year-old sister was one of those unlucky girls. According to Art, she found the experience of being stripped in front of strange men and boys to be utterly humiliating. Former internee Eigo Kudo summed up the experience on the ship when she said, “we felt like cattle.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn30" name="_ftnref30" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[30]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: normal;"> </span><span style="font-size: normal;"> </span><span style="font-size: normal;"> Unlike Art Shibayama, who went to the US with his whole family, Libia Yamamoto had a very different experience. After Peruvian authorities arrested Yamamoto’s father, her family had no idea where he was for a month. What Yamamoto did not know at the time was that her father was part of a group of Japanese Latin Americans held in a US military camp in Panama before the Army brought them to the internment camp in Crystal City, Texas. Yamamoto would later recall, “We were so happy just to hear that he was alive and that he was OK. It was only later that we found out that he and the others were working digging ditches in a military camp; many of them were terrified at the idea that they were digging their own graves.”<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn31" name="_ftnref31" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;">[31]</span></span></a><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn31" name="_ftnref31" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0in;"><b><u>Crystal City Internment Camp<o:p></o:p></u></b><br />
<b><u><br />
</u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 4<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Crystal City Internment Camp<o:p></o:p></i><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #954f72;"><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7337/rec/6" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7337/rec/6</a></span><br />
<br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHd1aP7820poUeCdcw9rxEqAxWT9cmb2RWp_fRg2yo1T3rquof6o-EgyMquBTaDJifrzLZfE7vubc33DUzTmBiFRUuyBTQzGrKenPF4TTFSK2GxgShSzDer681ywxb8KW5_sL0ymXx82o/s1600/p16855coll4_7337-page-001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="892" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHd1aP7820poUeCdcw9rxEqAxWT9cmb2RWp_fRg2yo1T3rquof6o-EgyMquBTaDJifrzLZfE7vubc33DUzTmBiFRUuyBTQzGrKenPF4TTFSK2GxgShSzDer681ywxb8KW5_sL0ymXx82o/s400/p16855coll4_7337-page-001.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This is an illustrated map of the Crystal City Incarceration Camp. We don’t know who created this drawing, but it appears to be attempting to convey a pleasant image of the camp, complete with smiling sun.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">The US government interned nearly all its Japanese Latin-American prisoners at an internment camp in Crystal City, Texas. According the camp’s public health nurse, Mary C. Clark, the Justice Department interned a total of 10,000 “enemy aliens” at the camp from 1942-1947, though there were no more than 3,800 prisoners there at any one time. In this context, Clark is using the term “enemy aliens” to refer to arrested Axis nationals from within the United States and Axis nationals and their descendants arrested in Latin America. According to Clark, “This is the only camp in the history of the world where the family lived as a single unit. Individuals in custody here preferred this arrangement to life in a Relocation Center, in spite of the closer security, censorship and numerous restrictions in effect.”</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn32" name="_ftnref32" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;">[32]</span></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn32" name="_ftnref32" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 5<o:p></o:p></b></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="color: black;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Mary Frances Clark, Head Nurse at Crystal City Internment Camp <o:p></o:p></i><br />
<a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10342/rec/8" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10342/rec/8</a><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpvu30qRTS0nMbXQqh9cYKwSz983WK-JFPS3OrnEvhwOuTg1tHhDYU66g_K07ZFdrayBsz1mg8v0g9hPtDPn1Kjcz_LtaYO4vI8FffYUpQn7m-D_BrfGjsb2XhEHFOwP7aCsxvct9aJ2o/s1600/p16855coll4_10342_medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="675" data-original-width="500" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpvu30qRTS0nMbXQqh9cYKwSz983WK-JFPS3OrnEvhwOuTg1tHhDYU66g_K07ZFdrayBsz1mg8v0g9hPtDPn1Kjcz_LtaYO4vI8FffYUpQn7m-D_BrfGjsb2XhEHFOwP7aCsxvct9aJ2o/s320/p16855coll4_10342_medium.jpg" width="237" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sepia-toned photographic portrait of Mary Frances Clark, the head nurse at </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Crystal City Department of Justice internment camp. Photograph taken at Clark's nursing school graduation. </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">See also Mary F. Clark scrapbooks, sac_jaac_1334 through sac_jaac_1379.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Though internees were glad to be able to live with their families, camp life presented other difficulties. At first, many men were interned without their families. According Libia Yamamoto, her father and other men in the Crystal City Internment Camp protested the efforts of the US government to send them to Japan because they feared they would never see their families again. This concern about the reunification of their families compounded the enormous stress caused by unexplained imprisonment in a foreign land. Immigration official Jerre Mangione wrote, </span><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: normal;">The tall barbed-wire chain fence and guard towers surrounding it dominated the desolate landscape like a harbinger of doom. For some of the prisoners the fence became an intolerable symbol of frustration. In the gnawing anxiety of not knowing how long they would be imprisoned and what was happening to their wives and children, they succumbed to barbed-wire sickness.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn33" name="_ftnref33" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;">[33]</span></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><b>Image # 6<o:p></o:p></b></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="color: black;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1.2pt;"><i>Letter from Yoshihiko Matsuura to Kiyoko Noda, April 30, 1949<o:p></o:p></i><br />
<a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/12418/rec/8" style="color: #954f72; font-size: medium;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/12418/rec/8</a><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmpE2i9iRRikRfYnyRnEBD5cvPcWUcRdXCYd_LaHN8kL2eKmhyphenhypheniLL8PFx06kfGKcA1j8jxq77kAv5_4uXwy9ImTRIOBHupFl7D4YAB_BCAOCDhWxvV-Fpbb1JYSybSrQ0ZV57JokSqNkk/s1600/p16855coll4_12418-002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="877" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmpE2i9iRRikRfYnyRnEBD5cvPcWUcRdXCYd_LaHN8kL2eKmhyphenhypheniLL8PFx06kfGKcA1j8jxq77kAv5_4uXwy9ImTRIOBHupFl7D4YAB_BCAOCDhWxvV-Fpbb1JYSybSrQ0ZV57JokSqNkk/s400/p16855coll4_12418-002.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin01srAKH772Iq9Xsb6InEb2JjKsx4RvwQlwKihtBUD2_lHq9ayx79goT5Q6dqaEmXqFPp5F2EnNP9kRSCUHpBzj7UkpDSM6pFBQBxTW1jY-MYnL0YIyDFhHa6-lAHzYwGefyOjS7jBEQ/s1600/p16855coll4_12418-001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="884" data-original-width="1600" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin01srAKH772Iq9Xsb6InEb2JjKsx4RvwQlwKihtBUD2_lHq9ayx79goT5Q6dqaEmXqFPp5F2EnNP9kRSCUHpBzj7UkpDSM6pFBQBxTW1jY-MYnL0YIyDFhHa6-lAHzYwGefyOjS7jBEQ/s400/p16855coll4_12418-001.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A letter from Yoshihiko Matsuura, an internee in the Crystal City Internment Camp, Texas, to his grandmother, Kiyoko Noda, in Lima, Peru. He includes updates on day-to-day life in the Crystal City camp, including the event on the Emperor's birthday [April 29] and a play performed in the camp. He details the Boy Scouts of America's activities in which he participates on the Emperor's birthday, playing musical instruments in the musical band and marching in the camp.</td></tr>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">Not only were Japanese Latin American men arrested without probable cause and held without charges, their arrest often caused their innocent wives and children to join them in the camps. The arrest of more than 1,000 men, many of whom were the sole providers for their families, left many women with children destitute and determined to join their husbands at all costs.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn34" name="_ftnref34" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[34]</span> </span></span></a>Families began filling up incarceration camps when women responded to the State Department summons they received to join their jailed husbands in the United States.<a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn35" name="_ftnref35" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[35]</span> </span></span></a>These wives and children eventually constituted more than half of the Japanese Latin Americans in US incarceration camps. This meant that the majority of Japanese Latin Americans incarcerated were not even under suspicion of allegiance to Japan. It is debatable whether the presence of internees’ families made the whole operation more egregious or more humane. </span><o:p></o:p><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 7<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Some of our younger internees<o:p></o:p></i><br />
<a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10950/rec/92" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/10950/rec/92</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiasRo2lbXhc9ucSa479hXOevB5uQFC2YtmCB8z3j1cRVsPTPS_TLvrzqvKapDTF7lzPQ8CyqEiALoM2AsHtuJv-f_0rbMYW7omTpPpO0IZcDa4s5FMtnxO-Ak9Vq4wRJM_R6JIy7PgqO0/s1600/p16855coll4_10950-page-001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1018" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiasRo2lbXhc9ucSa479hXOevB5uQFC2YtmCB8z3j1cRVsPTPS_TLvrzqvKapDTF7lzPQ8CyqEiALoM2AsHtuJv-f_0rbMYW7omTpPpO0IZcDa4s5FMtnxO-Ak9Vq4wRJM_R6JIy7PgqO0/s400/p16855coll4_10950-page-001.jpg" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Scrapbook page containing three black and white photographs of children at the Crystal City Department of Justice Internment Camp. From the Mary F. Clark scrapbook, "Before I Forget," page 43. <br />
See also sac_jaac_1334 through sac_jaac_1529.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><b style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><u><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion</span></u></b><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">This sad and bewildering chapter of American history resulted from depression era ethnic tensions in Latin American countries like Peru, and the paranoia of US officials who conflated Japanese ethnicity with treachery and danger. According to former diplomat John Emmerson, “The fact that the Japanese are an Oriental people with language and customs almost unknown in the West, makes them an especially dangerous element.”</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn36" name="_ftnref36" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[36]</span> </span></span></a><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">These were ideas held both by the American public and government officials. Emmerson would later write in his memoirs, “Americans, stunned and bewildered, found it easy to hate the Japanese enemy. An oriental face was immediately suspect . . .” Emmerson attributes similar sentiments to the US ambassador in Japan, “Even Ambassador Grew, when he was later repatriated, delivered some speeches better characterized as fire than reason.”</span><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftn37" name="_ftnref37" style="color: #954f72; text-indent: 0.5in;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: normal;">[37]</span> </span></span></a><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Suspicion of a whole race of people motivated the three separate programs that deprived people of Japanese ancestry of their liberty. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p></o:p><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 8<o:p></o:p></b></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="color: black;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 1.2pt;"><i>Memo from John K. Emmerson, Auxiliary Section to The Ambassador, American Embassy, Lima, Peru, April 18, 1942<o:p></o:p></i><br />
<div style="text-indent: 1.6px;"><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7442/rec/1" style="color: #954f72; font-size: medium; text-indent: 0px;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/7442/rec/1</a></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZYj2RcLXotcKkUisCHy53tAoomxpPG_E_r0zYhwqCjmPijHv1l3ACaJTZ1nOxxXOhsimz2h9i-aCcp1FkU7F-0CKz5pJAx5VFAQgNw4R2CXSboyKr9SXPfh3oWjQ4KXofL-7p67g39us/s1600/emmerson+letter.tif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1240" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZYj2RcLXotcKkUisCHy53tAoomxpPG_E_r0zYhwqCjmPijHv1l3ACaJTZ1nOxxXOhsimz2h9i-aCcp1FkU7F-0CKz5pJAx5VFAQgNw4R2CXSboyKr9SXPfh3oWjQ4KXofL-7p67g39us/s640/emmerson+letter.tif" width="492" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In this memo, the author writes to the American Ambassador in Peru that the Japanese people there have no loyalty to Peru and have not assimilated. He concludes that the Japanese population in Peru is "dangerous, well-organized, and intensely patriotic."</td></tr>
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Despite the peculiarities of this endeavor, the internment of Japanese Latin Americans was part of a larger process in which the United States government imposed a national identity on people of Japanese descent, based on race rather than citizenship. This racialized national identity eclipsed citizenship to the point that it often did not matter to government officials if the person under suspicion was a citizen of the Untied States, Japan, Panama or Peru. This state-constructed identity so thoroughly conflated criminality with race that government officials were frequently indifferent to the fact that there was no evidence that a particular individual engaged in espionage. Once the United States went to war with Japan, everyone with ancestors from that country became “Japanese.” Race trumped citizenship and became the most important factor for determining disloyalty. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">It is this racist thinking that shaped American officials’ perceptions of what kinds of actions were necessary and appropriate during wartime. Many government officials felt that all Japanese people were loyal to the Emperor of Japan and would work to harm the US if given the chance. Latin American governments, glad to dispose of a despised minority, played into these fears and eagerly arrested people of Japanese ancestry. While there is no evidence that this alliance made the United States any safer it is abundantly clear that it resulted in a great injustice. Thousands of Japanese Latin Americans lost their freedom, their property and their way of life because of wartime hysteria and anti-Japanese bigotry. </span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><o:p></o:p><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><b>Image # 9<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Crystal City Times, 1946<o:p></o:p></i><br />
<a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/8353/rec/2" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/8353/rec/2</a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_OD9PoYcrmiKpPJEJA7GbpEu-auh32P0cXrMg5gxVI3E84HKY_UWgMfME1YjvSbHzHVm8__tyl3mpBBG_5XF8U1vZOYdbVEBwA9Y5ONA_pTQ3egRlH1kXgnsDccnpbl9jGr6Hvk904bI/s1600/Crystal+City.tif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1240" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_OD9PoYcrmiKpPJEJA7GbpEu-auh32P0cXrMg5gxVI3E84HKY_UWgMfME1YjvSbHzHVm8__tyl3mpBBG_5XF8U1vZOYdbVEBwA9Y5ONA_pTQ3egRlH1kXgnsDccnpbl9jGr6Hvk904bI/s400/Crystal+City.tif" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This is an English language newsletter published by the prisoners of Japanese descent in the Crystal City Incarceration Camp. This issue is about the first group of people to leave the camp</td></tr>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Want to hear more from the Japanese Peruvian’s who experienced incarceration during WWII?</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Japanese American Digitization Project will soon be getting the oral histories from CSU Fullerton’s Japanese Peruvian Diaspora Project<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://coph.fullerton.edu/collections/Japanese%20Peruvian%20Diaspora.pdf" style="color: #954f72;">http://coph.fullerton.edu/collections/Japanese%20Peruvian%20Diaspora.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CSUJAD also contains a photo/album scrapbook depicting Japanese Peruvians from the 1930s-1950s. Please see the link to the album below:<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/23461/rec/2" style="color: #954f72;">http://digitalcollections.archives.csudh.edu/digital/collection/p16855coll4/id/23461/rec/2</a><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYyb3JsvMPl-0QiVMrb3Jsxk5ZD4zMsk74MQWcVERxAHSVlU7WCY7UD3dAM-Db8Pj5WeoACOZn3S0_YAqSixdTbf59bAIJqbbslO_AKoyDCVRuK-wQwmK98QFpRtM7lJi8WlNmI25ptg/s1600/p16855coll4_23462_full.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYyb3JsvMPl-0QiVMrb3Jsxk5ZD4zMsk74MQWcVERxAHSVlU7WCY7UD3dAM-Db8Pj5WeoACOZn3S0_YAqSixdTbf59bAIJqbbslO_AKoyDCVRuK-wQwmK98QFpRtM7lJi8WlNmI25ptg/s400/p16855coll4_23462_full.jpg" width="400" /></a></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><h3><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">For more information:</span></u></b></h3><h3><b><u><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></u></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www/csujad.com">http://www/csujad.com</a></b></span><b><span style="font-size: large;">Thanks to the Gerth Archives and Special Collections at CSU Dominguez Hills and the Gerth Special Collections and Archives at CSU Sacramento.</span></b></h3></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><h4><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Books and Articles</span></b></h4><div style="text-align: left;">Barnhart, Edward N. “Japanese Internees from Peru.” <i style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Pacific Historical Review </i><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">31, no. 4 (May 1962): 169-178. Accessed May 9, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3636574.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brumer, Leah. “Stealing Home.” <i>The Monthly, </i>November, 1998.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Connell, Thomas. </span><i style="text-indent: -0.5in;">America’s Japanese Hostages: The World War II Plan for a Japanese Free Latin America. </i><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2002.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Emmerson, John K. </span><i>The Japanese Thread: A Life in the U.S. Foreign Service</i><span style="font-size: small;">. New York: </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1978.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gardener, C. Harvey. </span><i>Pawns in a Triangle of Hate: The Peruvian Japanese and the </i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i> Unites States. </i>Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Higashide, Seiichi. </span><i>Adios to Tears. </i><span style="font-size: small;">Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2009.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kashina, Tetsudsen. </span><i>Judgment Without Trial: Japanese American Imprisonment During </i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i> World War II. </i>Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2003.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Kerber, Linda K. “The Meanings of Citizenship.” </span><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;">The Journal of American History </i><span style="text-indent: 0.5in;">84, no. 3 (December 1997): 846-847. Accessed January 27, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2953082.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">Lopez-Calvo, Ignacio. <i>The Affinity of the Eye. </i>Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, 2013.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Mangione, Jerre. </span><i style="text-indent: -0.5in;">An Ethnic At Large: A Memoir of America in the Thirties and Forties. </i><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1978.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">Masterson, Daniel M., and Sayaka Funada-Classen. <i>The Japanese in Latin America</i>. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2004.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Ngai, Mae M. </span><i style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America. </i><span style="text-indent: -0.5in;">Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Unpublished Works<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;">Seng-hua Mak, Stephen. “‘America’s Other Internment’: World War II and the Making of Modern Human Rights.” PhD Diss., Northwestern University, 2009.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Film<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Hidden Internment: The Art Shibayama Story</i>. Directed by Casey Peek. 2004; Berkeley: Progressive Films, 2004. VHS.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 20px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<div id="ftn1"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[1]</span></span></span></a>C. Harvey Gardener, <i>Pawns in a Triangle of Hate: The Peruvian Japanese and the Unites States </i>(Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983), viii.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn2"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[2]</span></span></span></a>Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law, <i>Treatment of Latin Americans of Japanese Descent, European Americans, and Jewish Refugees During World War II</i>, 111<sup>th</sup>Cong., 1<sup>st</sup>Sess., March 19, 2009, 7.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn3"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[3]</span></span></span></a><i>Mary F. Clark scrapbook</i>[1942-47], 4, Japanese American Archival Collection, Department of Special Collections and University archives, Library. California State University, Sacramento. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn4"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[4]</span></span></span></a>Franklin D. Roosevelt, Proclamation 2525 “Alien Enemies-Japanese,” <i>Federal Register</i>6, no. 239 (December 10, 1941): 6321.; Franklin D. Roosevelt, Proclamation 2526 “Alien Enemies-Germans,” <i>Federal Register</i>6, no. 239 (December 10, 1941): 6323.; Franklin D. Roosevelt, Proclamation 2527 “Alien Enemies-Italians,” <i>Federal Register</i>6, no. 239 (December 10, 1941): 6324.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn5"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="font-size: xx-small; vertical-align: baseline;">[5]</span></span></a>Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law, 28.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn6"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[6]</span></span></span></a>Ibid. The breakdown of alien enemies detained was 16,849 Japanese, 10,905 Germans and 3,278 Italians. Though all these people were detained within the United States, this program was separate from the War Relocations Authority’s internment of 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry during World War II.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn7"><div class="MsoFooter" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[7]</span></span></span></a>Collins Papers, Reel 23, 108.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn8"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[8]</span></span></span></a>Clark, 4.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn9"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[9]</span></span></span></a>Seng-hua Mak, 3.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn10"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[10]</span></span></span></a>Jerre Mangione, <i>An Ethnic at Large: A Memoir of America in the Thirties and Forties</i>(New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1978), 322.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn11"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[11]</span></span></span></a>Daniel M. Masterson and Sayaka Funada-Classen, <i>The Japanese in Latin America</i>(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2004), 114.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn12"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[12]</span></span></span></a>Hugo Fernandez Artucio, <i>The Nazi Underground in South America </i>(New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1942), 189.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn13"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[13]</span></span></span></a>Stephen Naft, “The Axis in South America,” <i>Saturday Review</i>, April 4, 1942, 16; accessed April 25, 2014. http://www.unz.org/Pub/SaturdayRev-1942apr04-00016?View=PDF</span></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn14"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[14]</span></span></span></a>Robert Gale Woolbert, Review of <i>The Nazi Underground in South America,</i>Hugo Fernandez Artucio, <i>Foreign Affairs</i>, July 1942, 786.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn15"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[15]</span></span></span></a>Tetsudsen Kashina, <i>Judgment without Trial: Japanese American Imprisonment during World War II </i>(Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2003), 94-95.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn16"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[16]</span></span></span></a>Seiichi Higashide, <i>Adios to Tears </i>(Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2009), 177.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn17"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[17]</span></span></span></a>Ibid., 120.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn18"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[18]</span></span></span></a>Masterson and Funada-Classen, 113; Thomas Connell, <i>America’s Japanese Hostages: The World War II Plan for a Japanese Free Latin America</i>(Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2002), x.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn19"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[19]</span></span></span></a>Leah Brumer, “Stealing Home,” <i>The Monthly</i>, November, 1998. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn20"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref20" name="_ftn20" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[20]</span></span></span></a>Masterson and Funada-Classen,118.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn21"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref21" name="_ftn21" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[21]</span></span></span></a>Kashina, 94.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn22"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref22" name="_ftn22" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[22]</span></span></span></a>US Foreign Service, <i>Lima, July 20, 1942, American Embassy,</i>Densho Digital Archive. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn23"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref23" name="_ftn23" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[23]</span></span></span></a>Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law, 10.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref24" name="_ftn24" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[24]</span></span></span></a>Higashide, 129.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn25"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref25" name="_ftn25" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[25]</span></span></span></a><i>New York Times</i>, May 19, 1978.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn26"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref26" name="_ftn26" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[26]</span></span></span></a>Edward N. Barnhart, “Japanese Internees from Peru,” <i>Pacific Historical Review </i>31, no. 4 (May 1962): 174-177, accessed May 9, 2014, http://www.jstor.org/stable/3636574.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn27"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref27" name="_ftn27" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[27]</span></span></span></a>John K. Emmerson, <i>The Japanese Thread: A Life in the U.S. Foreign Service</i>(New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1978), 148. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn28"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref28" name="_ftn28" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[28]</span></span></span></a><i>Hidden Internment, </i>Casey Peek.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn29"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref29" name="_ftn29" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[29]</span></span></span></a>Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law, 15.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn30"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref30" name="_ftn30" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[30]</span></span></span></a><i>Hidden Internment, </i>Casey Peek.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn31"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref31" name="_ftn31" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[31]</span></span></span></a>Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law, 18.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn32"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref32" name="_ftn32" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[32]</span></span></span></a><i>Mary F. Clark scrapbook</i>[1942-47], 34.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn33"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref33" name="_ftn33" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[33]</span></span></span></a><i>Ethnic</i>, Mangione, 328.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn34"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref34" name="_ftn34" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[34]</span></span></span></a><i>Mary F. Clark scrapbook</i>[1942-47], 34. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn35"><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref35" name="_ftn35" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[35]</span></span></span></a>Higashide, 177. According to Higashide 1,024 of the Japanese Latin Americans interned in the US were arrested by their home governments and 1,094 were family members of those arrested.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn36"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref36" name="_ftn36" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[36]</span></span></span></a>US Foreign Service, <i>Memorandum to the Peruvian ambassador,</i>Densho Digital Archive. <o:p></o:p></span></div></div><div id="ftn37"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><div><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="applewebdata://A64E6043-3CFA-4AC5-BB8A-4073D6E4CAF9#_ftnref37" name="_ftn37" style="color: #954f72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[37]</span></span></span></a>Emmerson, 125-126. <span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
</span></div><div><b><span style="font-size: small;">THE AUTHOR, EVAN TUCKER, IS A GRADUATE OF THE MLIS PROGRAM AND THE LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES PROGRAM AT UCLA AND A FORMER ARCHIVIST AT CSU DOMINGUEZ HILLS.</span></b></div><div><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br />
</span></div></div></div></div>Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0Crystal City, TX 78839, USA28.6774795 -99.82811040000001428.621763 -99.908791400000013 28.733196 -99.747429400000016tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-44286789550137957182015-04-22T14:17:00.001-07:002015-04-22T14:17:41.323-07:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;">Packing celery after the harvest at the
Ishibashi’s Ranch.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;">On May 1, 2015, Rachel Mandell will complete the first rotation at
CSU Dominguez Hills as the LA as Subject Resident Archivist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Following the first three months at her home institution,
The Autry National Center, Rachel has been working with Greg Williams and Tom
Philo in the Archives and Special Collections since February. She will be
moving on to the LA Police Museum in Highland Park for the next rotation of her
residency. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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During her time at CSUDH, Rachel created digital records for
the Ishibashi family collection. This collection contains photographs,
documents, and artifacts that span nearly 100 years that the Ishibashis farmed
and lived on the Rancho Palos Verdes peninsula. These materials document the everyday
activities of the family including, life on the farm and farming practices,
family trips, Sunday school and also information pertaining to their incarceration
during World War II in Poston, Arizona.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Kumekichi Ishibashi moved to the Portuguese Bend in Palos Verdes from
Wakayama, Japan in 1906 and began a vegetable farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1911 he married Take Hanaoka and the two
had five children. Masaichi, the eldest son, eventually took over his father’s
business and remained a farmer in Palos Verdes until his died in 2004.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Ishibashi’s farm and renowned farm stand
remained open until 2012. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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The Ishibashi family
enjoying themselves at the Palos Verdes Beach.<o:p></o:p></div>
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An older Masaichi
Ishibashi selling vegetables at the family stand located near the Torrance
Airport.<o:p></o:p></div>
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This Ishibashi collection makes up about 1.5 linear feet of
the 300 linear feet of material housed at CSUDH’s archives that relate to
Japanese American life in the 20<sup>th</sup> century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These collections, along with those<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>housed at five other CSU campuses will be the
focus of a new collaboration called The Japanese American Digitization Planning
project. This National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) funded project, written
by Greg Williams, aims to create a shared digital archive that will bring
together disparate collections and provide access through a single online
portal.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Towards this end,
Rachel utilized the help of Matthew ___(last name)___, a student worker, to
assist in the digitization of nearly 800 items from the Ishibashi collection
using the Epson Expression scanner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
record was then created for each individual photograph or document.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A record includes descriptive information
about the item as well as a digital surrogate of the original material, such
that researchers can theoretically use the digital records instead of the
original material.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is advantageous
if it is inconvenient for a researcher to travel to the physical location where
the archive is held and can also reduce the amount of demand on original,
fragile archival material.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;">As a way of wrapping up her project at CSUDH , Rachel will be
giving a presentation about the work she has done. The presentation will be
held on Friday, May 1 at 10 am in the reading room of the CSUDH Archives and
Special Collections. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-63114792542654789472013-12-06T11:44:00.001-08:002013-12-09T10:44:08.100-08:00NEW UPTON SINCLAIR COLLECTION AT CSUDH ARCHIVES<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpdvJdt46zUVNY0CKr2G0jAYv7s8gCl9mOOdL0G5cYvTD4n6CIQgnK3GAwAPmF8zBlrX5DDl5l5Ll_EJo_oCCSefq7WjV7tNhbKSHx_uZZc_UbwIl9oB6T4eUNS18OsERvSSKgY3I7sMU/s1600/IMG_0115.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpdvJdt46zUVNY0CKr2G0jAYv7s8gCl9mOOdL0G5cYvTD4n6CIQgnK3GAwAPmF8zBlrX5DDl5l5Ll_EJo_oCCSefq7WjV7tNhbKSHx_uZZc_UbwIl9oB6T4eUNS18OsERvSSKgY3I7sMU/s320/IMG_0115.JPG" /></a></div><br />
The Archives and Special Collections Department in the Library at CSU Dominguez Hills has received a generous donation of a collection relating to author Upton Sinclair (1878-1968). One of the most prolific authors of the 20th century, Sinclair saw “The Jungle”, his muckraking novel exposing the meat packing industry, lead directly to food and drug reforms following its sensational reception in 1906. The Jungle is still taught in classes all over the world. <br />
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John Ahouse, a Sinclair bibliographer, scholar, collector and enthusiast has donated at least 320 books (consisting of multiple editions of nearly every Sinclair title), about 100 pamphlets, over 80 flyers, original magazine articles, tapes, manuscripts by Sinclair as well as by various biographers, newspaper clippings and entire issues of periodicals with Sinclair’s work and 14 boxes of research material. Included in the research materials are newspapers from Sinclair’s EPIC or End Poverty in California campaign for governor in 1934. <br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2dVP75yDRFCbtWR6jmFZDm9bb34idmGK6_oZGSryzDNbFbhxnlgOwilsmb5kNRCTHVrwrWl1wB6I14Q1HEiRN1zwuIUJnXYmuLI6vucxaRSvlF33KsYle-KI29zaV5Dd9YM7cK7e47VE/s1600/Ahouse+Sinclair+Donation+017.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2dVP75yDRFCbtWR6jmFZDm9bb34idmGK6_oZGSryzDNbFbhxnlgOwilsmb5kNRCTHVrwrWl1wB6I14Q1HEiRN1zwuIUJnXYmuLI6vucxaRSvlF33KsYle-KI29zaV5Dd9YM7cK7e47VE/s320/Ahouse+Sinclair+Donation+017.JPG" /></a></div><b>John Ahouse with his collection at the CSUDH Archives</b><br />
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The collection also consists of first editions, rare editions, hardcover, paperbacks, serialized novels, magazine copies and later popular and academic editions of most of the nearly 100 titles Sinclair published in his lifetime. In addition there are books with introductions by Sinclair, books by his wife, biographies and foreign language editions. <br />
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“This is wonderful and generous gift for CSU Dominguez Hills,” said CSUDH Library Dean, Sandra Parham. “The potential for scholarship both for faculty and students is enormous. There are many opportunities public programming as well as for CSUDH students to do research.”<br />
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Ahouse, a former archivist at CSU Long Beach and librarian at USC brought the collection to CSUDH because of its state of the art archival facilities as well as the interest expressed by faculty and staff. Ahouse’s book, Upton Sinclair, A Descriptive, Annotated Bibliography, Mercer & Aitchison, 1994 is used by librarians and booksellers throughout the world. <br />
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“Learning about the modern library facilities at CSUDH, and making the acquaintance of your very knowledgeable archivist, the thought began to grow of placing the collection where I know it will be used,” Ahouse said.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoQ6BXkjVE9cbMqfhzRwMJXnlS3HiP4rHsBDkvws0aQI38j2EKywoHwM2_G2c4sdJkH6HmMCAwoAOFSRxULylePYK84kcs0ql8EDAy7QxEIf5GoFS7yFeZ6xIIaVQ20JVZVjJI8Zay6rg/s1600/IMG_0130.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoQ6BXkjVE9cbMqfhzRwMJXnlS3HiP4rHsBDkvws0aQI38j2EKywoHwM2_G2c4sdJkH6HmMCAwoAOFSRxULylePYK84kcs0ql8EDAy7QxEIf5GoFS7yFeZ6xIIaVQ20JVZVjJI8Zay6rg/s320/IMG_0130.JPG" /></a></div><b>Czech version of "The Jungle."</b><br />
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“It's exciting to have a unique collection of Upton Sinclair publications, newspapers, flyers, letters, posters and other ephemera come to the Special Collections at the CSUDH University Library. Visitors to the collection will find it fascinating to see the broad spectrum of Sinclair's interests--from the oil and meatpacking industries to marriage and mental telepathy, and of course his political campaign to end poverty,” said Dr. Vivian Price, Associate Professor, Interdisciplinary Studies PACE and coordinator of Labor Studies. “So much of these materials are revealing for their content as well as what they represent as primary sources or historical artifacts,”<br />
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Asked about his interest in Sinclair, Ahouse recalled: “Although it would be difficult not to have heard of Upton Sinclair in high school or college, thanks to the evergreen status of “The Jungle”, I arrived in 1978 in Los Angeles because of a career move from New York with no awareness that “Uppie” had ever become a Californian, had even run for Governor of the state, or had launched a broadly-scoped series of historical novels, the “Lanny Budds”, from a reclusive residence in nearby Monrovia. What’s more, Sinclair had lived for a time in Long Beach, where I made my home for the next thirty-five years. I needed to know more about this congenial ‘democratic socialist’, and the Sinclair collection was the result.”<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwjiD1qBgsDaM2CBeFWgUMTAPWa0_Ml-MY2OVEd88-xS4uZPIzKoVo-Oo8w2iVFvCQxsLzZcBFfMRUiVV2osYEkB_DU3ouDrpsAFkOoqBRaElkQzINXvLD4zP-OUiOvoQikvNXJ0rdvK4/s1600/IMG_0116.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwjiD1qBgsDaM2CBeFWgUMTAPWa0_Ml-MY2OVEd88-xS4uZPIzKoVo-Oo8w2iVFvCQxsLzZcBFfMRUiVV2osYEkB_DU3ouDrpsAFkOoqBRaElkQzINXvLD4zP-OUiOvoQikvNXJ0rdvK4/s320/IMG_0116.JPG" /></a></div><br />
Ahouse notes in the introduction to his bibliography that “Sinclair the publicist and reformer had written uninterruptedly through three generations of social turmoil in America; few were the years between 1901 and 1962 without a new book—often two—from Upton Sinclair. Larger works were interspersed with minor publishing, from chiding letters-to-the-editor to the crusading pamphlets and book-length essays that made him a fixture of the political Left and the irrepressible gadfly among American writers in the first half of this century.”<br />
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Sinclair’s manuscripts, correspondence and archival collection are located at Indiana University. A handful of academic libraries such as Occidental in Los Angeles and the John Rylands Library in Manchester England have important Sinclair book collections. The Claremont Colleges have a smaller manuscript collection.<br />
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“The collection increases the depth of our early 20th century literature holdings in our Rare Book collection,” said Greg Williams, Director of Archives and Special Collections. “It is complementary to our California history collections, early 20th century bestseller collection as well as the collection of books published by one of Sinclair’s publishers, Boni & Liveright. Students focused on the Humanities, History, English, Political Science, Labor Studies and many other disciplines will be able to take advantage of this research collection.”<br />
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The Ahouse/Sinclair collection is fascinating in its depth, potential for scholarship and its revelations about 20th century literature, politics and social activism. Sinclair’s scope of work is not only national and international but also brings a good deal of material about California and the Los Angeles area including Long Beach, Signal Hill, Pasadena and Monrovia. His novel, Oil!, is the basis for the film There Will Be Blood. His only children’s book resulted in the Disney film, The Gnome Mobile. <br />
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“The Jungle passed the century mark in 2006, and a colleague of mine at CSU Northridge, Prof. Anthony Arthur, was under contract from Random House to write an up-to-date biography of the famous writer, “ Ahouse said. “We teamed up on the research end, and when the book duly appeared for the anniversary, I couldn’t help feeling that my collection had fulfilled much of its purpose.” <br />
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Titles include: The Jungle (1906 meatpacking industry); The Moneychangers (1908, high finance); Good Health and How We Won It (1909, healthy diet); Prince Hagen, A Drama in Four Acts (1909, finance); Love’s Pilgrimage (1911 marriage); King Coal (1917, Ludlow Massacre of 1914); The Profits of Religion (1918 organized religion); The Brass Check (1920, newspaper business); Money Writes! 1927, publishing); Oil! (1927, oil industry); Boston (1928, Sacco and Vanzetti novelization); Mental Radio (1930, telepathy); Upton Sinclair Presents William Fox (1933, film industry), I, Governor Of California And How I Ended Poverty (1934 End Poverty in California campaign for Governor); I, Candidate for Governor and How I Got Licked (1935 losing the Governor’s race); The Gnomobile (1936 his only children’s book); Wally For Queen! (1936 British Monarchy); No Pasaran! (1937 Spanish Civil War); The Flivver King (Henry Ford/auto industry); Little Steel (1938 Steel labor issues); 11 World’s End novels (1940-1948) with hero Lanny Budd. <br />
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The collection also includes a great deal of books associated with Sinclair. These include biographies, forwards, introductions, and titles authored or edited by people who were associated with Sinclair. These include a set of small books by Altadena heiress, millionaire and “parlor provocateur” Mrs. Kate Crane-Gartz. The books, edited by Sinclair’s wife, Mary Craig Sinclair, often consisted of letters written to prominent people such as President Warren G. Harding and Eugene Debs. Another set of books variously titled Out of the Frying Pan, Ham and Eggs for Californians, and Highway to Prosperity focus on the needs for old-age pensions during the 1930s. There are also books by poet and Sinclair friend, George Sterling; books by poet and lover of Sinclair’s first wife, Harry Kemp; a couple of books owned by Mary Craig Sinclair; a copy of The Packers, The Private Car Lines, and the People ghost written for J. Ogden Armour, the owner of the meatpacking company Sinclair exposed in The Jungle; and a copy of I Was Hitler’s Doctor by Dr. Kurt Krueger<br />
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Also included in the collection are copies of original magazines such as Argosy, the American Mercury, The Bookman, Labor Defender, Literary Digest, Time (cover story on Sinclair), Helios, Liberty Magazine, and Haldeman-Julius Quarterly, in which Sinclair’s work appeared; other periodicals with views of Sinclair or his work; Upton Sinclair’s magazine; news clipping about Sinclair’s work or his social activism; sheet music from Sinclair’s campaign for Governor in 1934; various manuscripts or excerpts from theses or other studies on Sinclair; issues of The Epic News (1939-1941); a Sinclair manuscript entitled, “Zillions of Dollars: A Truth Story,” 1953; another manuscript entitled “Doctor Fist,” 1955; articles on Sinclair by CSUDH Emeriti History Professor Dr. Judson Grenier (the Archives has an interview between Grenier and Sinclair from the early 1960s); manuscripts of plays about Sinclair, book catalogs, and audio and video tapes<br />
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Subject files include materials on Sinclair as well as researchers interests. Included are files on the ACLU, biographer Lauren Coodley, Robert Hahn, filmmaker Julian “Bud” Lesser, author Greg Mitchell, David and Jean Sinclair, Irving Stone, the End Poverty in California (EPIC) campaign, homes of Sinclair, copies of and original letters, Liberty Hill, Long Beach, movies, obituaries, the Upton Sinclair Quarterly, Signal Hill, Oil, Theater, Upton Sinclair newsletters, World’s End and manuscript drafts of Radical Innocent: Upton Sinclair, the 2006 biography of Sinclair (dedicated to John Ahouse), by Anthony Arthur.<br />
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A collection finding aid will be created in the next year. Each book will be cataloged and included in the CSUDH library catalog. Students and faculty are invited to view or use open parts of the collection as well as tour the Archives and Special Collections Department. Classes are invited to the Archives for instruction on use of rare and primary materials.<br />
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</a></div><b>A portion of the Ahouse/Sinclair Collection</b><br />
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Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-91668614734832253512013-08-30T08:51:00.001-07:002013-08-30T08:51:08.831-07:00JOLT! RESPONDING TO DISASTERS IN SOUTHERN LA EXHIBITION<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9iHZGWSsK0ojIQPsrnrp3UvC8IO8kMpRLyuDEnzSQpY40mthezNVJRim8AkZTwjJ3XK-k5RubbH7IYpqSYQmkitUiTj1ECPJC3XMy2z2pmvERYwe8N8fnKMPw94KGBjqtVqdHO5zRTfY/s1600/Fire+fighter+after+Los+Cerritos+oil+fire+1928+date+question+703.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9iHZGWSsK0ojIQPsrnrp3UvC8IO8kMpRLyuDEnzSQpY40mthezNVJRim8AkZTwjJ3XK-k5RubbH7IYpqSYQmkitUiTj1ECPJC3XMy2z2pmvERYwe8N8fnKMPw94KGBjqtVqdHO5zRTfY/s320/Fire+fighter+after+Los+Cerritos+oil+fire+1928+date+question+703.jpg" width="320" /></a></b></div><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">JOLT! –RESPONDING TO ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS—LARGE AND SMALL IN SOUTHERN LOS ANGELES</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A new multi-dimensional exhibition <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“JOLT! --</b> RESPONDING TO ENVIROMENTAL DISASTERS—LARGE AND SMALL IN SOUTHERN LOS ANGELES opens September 3, 2013 in the Archives and Special Collections Department on the Fifth Floor of the University at California State University Dominguez Hills.</div><div class="MsoNormal">In response to continued student interest in the devastation caused on March 10, 1933 by an earthquake in Compton and Long Beach as well as the hazards to the environment presented by oil refineries or derrick explosions throughout the early to mid-20<sup>th</sup> century, this exhibition presents extensive documentation from the Archives collections on the disasters large and small…from earthquakes and floods to kitchen fires and car accidents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most of these disasters took place within 15 minutes of the CSUDH campus. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal">The exhibition features 200 images and other archival materials from the Long Beach Firemen’s Historical Museum Photograph Collection, the Compton History Collection, the Lynch Family Collection, the Rancho San Pedro Collection and other materials. The Long Beach Fire photographs have been digitized and are currently being cataloged and should be available in the Archives’ Digital Collection by the end of 2013 at <a href="http://www.archives.csudh.edu:2006/">www.archives.csudh.edu:2006</a>.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj24bmld0vccn-Lhf0Eipq_Olepyn3y8BffaJYhmyPUFVJTnQeYj-3IgOj1pgv4dh9d9KUg0RF7s4P35AzYRjgKz9xE1aEfZf2v9SCY2MuuhiH52GOQZiaMl7_dqJE3zQ7W3DlrnaDZsBc/s1600/Bakery.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj24bmld0vccn-Lhf0Eipq_Olepyn3y8BffaJYhmyPUFVJTnQeYj-3IgOj1pgv4dh9d9KUg0RF7s4P35AzYRjgKz9xE1aEfZf2v9SCY2MuuhiH52GOQZiaMl7_dqJE3zQ7W3DlrnaDZsBc/s320/Bakery.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal">The donation of 9000 Long Beach fire-related <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>materials in 2010 brought a great deal of documentation not only on mid-century firefighting, but also on enormous oil derrick and gas refinery explosion in Long Beach and Signal Hill. Also featured are images of flooding that devastated Rancho San Pedro lands in the century prior to the paving of the LA River. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The exhibition features sets of photographs on topics that mirror what the Long Beach Fire Museum Collection consists of but also features many collections that have been in the Archives for many years. The section relating to automobiles features several wrecks involving Long Beach Fire Department vehicles. The aviation section deals with a good number of airplane crashes in Long Beach in the 1940s and 1950s. Other sections deal with the infamous Hancock Oil Refinery mega-explosion in 1958 in Signal Hill as well as early Long Beach oil derrick files during the 1920s and 1930s. Other sections include images on Long Beach commercial fires, Long Beach Fire Department fire prevention efforts and striking images from the 1940s and 1950s relating to fire inspection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Inspections often reveal extensive fire hazards or at least a good deal of hoarding. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not only do the images in the exhibition document the courageous work of Long Beach firefighters but also allows insight into how commercial and domestic scenes can be viewed from the standpoint of the 21<sup>st</sup> century.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Tours as well as classes are welcome to hear about the Archives and how students can use primary resources at CSU Dominguez Hills. A finding aid or catalog of the Long Beach Fire Museum Collection can be found at: <a href="http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0f59r6k1/">http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0f59r6k1/</a>. Archives hours are Monday-Friday, 10-4.</div><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Uy9Q0TeLGpco0WgiBWoOQ1Ia4aaTEPT5muHNTMH5se0yx10ZkZZKEIKe339M3at3XpfBJDfSkohRT9frK49Lx19HaIoRtsAlMpkqRS8yvAyUZNZF_ae6V6g21d_l-YD9cWdHw5jqpN0/s1600/Guide+Photos+001.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"><img border="0" height="320" width="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Uy9Q0TeLGpco0WgiBWoOQ1Ia4aaTEPT5muHNTMH5se0yx10ZkZZKEIKe339M3at3XpfBJDfSkohRT9frK49Lx19HaIoRtsAlMpkqRS8yvAyUZNZF_ae6V6g21d_l-YD9cWdHw5jqpN0/s320/Guide+Photos+001.JPG" /></a></div>
Guide to the Archival Collections of CSU Dominguez Hills and the CSU System
http://archives.csudh.edu/Guide%20to%20CSUDH%20Collections.pdf
The Archives and Special Collections Department in the University Library has published a Guide to the Archival Collections of CSU Dominguez Hills and the California State University System. Compiled by Greg Williams, Director of the Archives and Thomas Philo, cataloging archivist, the Guide represents the first comprehensive documentation of the extent and depth of the Archival Collections at Dominguez Hills. The 150 page guide has over 100 illustrations from the collection and is available online at the Archives website: http://www. archives.csudh.edu. The Archives has over 215 collections consisting of 2500 feet of archival material dating from the 1850s through the 2000s, 150,000 photographs and a digital collection of 6000 items. In addition there are over 5000 rare or special collection books dating back to 1555. The Guide contains shorter descriptions than the 115 CSUDH finding aids that are published on the Online Archive of California (OAC) http://www.oac.cdlib.org. The Guide has links to each OAC finding aid. The Guide also includes a history of the archives, information on archival collecting initiatives, materials on use of the collections, research topics by major, and a list of research areas featured in the collection. Because the Guide is on-line it will be updated when new collections are cataloged.
This purpose of the Guide is to allow faculty and students to have a quick understanding of what is in our collections,” said Greg Williams. “This tremendous resource is available to all students, faculty and community members.”
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The collection of history materials began at Dominguez Hills in the late 1960s with initiatives to collect Japanese American materials and Dominguez Family records by members of the History Department, and continued through the 1970s with the accumulation of a rare book collection in the library. In 1979 the University became the archive for the CSU System.
The main responsibility of the Archives and Special Collections Department of the University Library at CSUDH is to serve the research needs of CSUDH students, faculty and the community. Additionally, the Archives also functions to encourage CSUDH students to use primary sources. The department serves several functions as the archives for the Dominguez Hills campus, the 23-campus California State University System and the Rancho San Pedro/Dominguez Family. In addition the Archives have various South Bay Los Angeles, Compton and Long Beach collections, an Asian Pacific Studies Collection, the congressional papers of Glenn Anderson and Juanita Millender-McDonald. The archives also has extensive material on the 1910 Los Angeles Aviation Meet at Dominguez Field, Tradeswomen, African Diaspora Sacred Music and many collections on Japanese Americans during World War II. In addition the Archives’ rare book collections include such topics as photography, Latin America, early 20th century bestsellers and the works of avant-garde publishers Boni-Liveright, Grove Press, Thomas Mosher Press and Peter Pauper Press. The Archives also has several on-line photo collections that are listed in the Guide.The Archives blog is located at http://csudharchives.blogspot.com/. The Archives is open to researchers Monday-Friday 10-4.
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Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-3872614057002177532012-09-14T10:25:00.000-07:002012-09-14T10:40:34.319-07:00Rival Candidates Exhibition<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Announcing a new exhibition in the Archives and Special Collections Department on the fifth floor of the University Library:
The Rival Candidates: Electioneering and Politicians in California. The exhibition will run from the conventions until the inauguration (August 2012-February 2013).
Featuring materials from the Glenn Anderson Collection, the Juanity Millender-McDonald Collection, the Glenn Dumke Collection and other archival collections, the Rival Candidates focuses on national, state and local elections and politics mostly in the 1940s and 1950s, but also materials from the 2000s.
The purpose of the exhibition is to highlight the vast material the Archives holds on elections and politics.
Also included in the exhibition are newspaper headlines from major events involving presidents, political conventions during the 1940s and 1950s, the strange sage of cross-filing for primary elections in California, Juanita Millender-McDonald’s career, early minority congressional candidates, Presidential inaugurations, buttons, White House signing pens, campaign buttons and even White House Easter Egg Hunt eggs.
The Archival collection of Glenn Anderson features an endless array of materials from the 1930s to the 1990s. Anderson (1913-1994) was the mayor of Hawthorne before he was thirty, a state assemblyman, co-founder of the State Democratic Council, Lt. Governor for eight years during the Pat Brown administration, and Congressman from the South Bay and Long Beach for 20 years. He helped fund the 710 freeway and the 105 freeway is named for him. Juanita Millender-McDonald (1938-2007) was a Congresswoman from the South Bay from (1996-2007), a state legislator and Carson City Council member. Dr. Glenn Dumke (1917-1989) was a history professor and dean at Occidental College, President of San Francisco State College and Chancellor of the CSU System from 1962 to 1982. Dumke’s papers are part of the CSU System Archives which are housed in the Archives at CSUDH.
Students, faculty and staff are welcome to view the exhibition Monday-Friday 10-4 in the Archives on the South Side of the Library on the Fifth Floor. For more information call 310 243-3895.
Faculty are welcome to bring their classes to see the exhibition or for instruction on the primary resources within the Archives.
While there are many major topics and themes in the exhibition….there is also a good deal of factual information scattered throughout the exhibition.
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Political junkies may know most of the following questions, but the answers are scattered throughout the exhibition.
Who was Alben W. Barkley?
What Roosevelt ran for Governor of California in 1950?
Who was Miss Jane from the Beverly Hillbillies supporting for Lt. Governor in 1966?
Which U.S. Presidents lived in Compton?
Why did Congressman Richard Nixon run as a Democrat in the Democratic Primary in 1948?
Who was the Congresswoman and movie star’s wife that gave Richard Nixon the nickname “Tricky Dick?”
Where was John F. Kennedy nominated as the Democratic Party’s Presidential Candidate in 1960?
What did Frank Sinatra have to do with Glenn Anderson’s campaign for Lt. Governor in 1958.
What future governor was Governor Brown fishing with in 1960?
What California politicians were the Republican Party candidates for Vice President in 1948, 1952 and 1956?
Who were Democratic Presidential Candidate Adlai Stevenson’s running mates in 1952 and 1956?
What California Governor became one of the most significant U.S. Supreme Court justice of the 20th century? What future President was accused of trying to impeach him? (Okay, the second question is not in the exhibition).
Who was California’s favorite son for the 1948 and 1952 Republican conventions?
Who did the Republicans like in 1952?
Answers???? Come see the Exhibition….
Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-66150878205938713392011-12-01T14:42:00.000-08:002011-12-02T11:05:00.010-08:00"WHERE ARE YOU FROM? ' MAP EXHIBITION OPENS IN LIBRARY<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisE0CNwtApZ9JWFvGeO5s2glYHobNMRqybO9EYj3HGlLyEn0urIC9xPpYK98475mgEXNhYDocA63VqGW80tAOckedBjeYQAOH-6Z02l5vhIwalZQcpyy3eKmdeJuNbxb528F_AzVcX53w/s1600/Maps+005.JPG"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 262px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisE0CNwtApZ9JWFvGeO5s2glYHobNMRqybO9EYj3HGlLyEn0urIC9xPpYK98475mgEXNhYDocA63VqGW80tAOckedBjeYQAOH-6Z02l5vhIwalZQcpyy3eKmdeJuNbxb528F_AzVcX53w/s320/Maps+005.JPG" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681595683141028018" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimo7C1oR_z_RBysiQQxaJBHh6jggWR3f8H_UujVZchsHg4dgH_D_IaxgKwwfn4A-p5YtDJOCi88SSkhIvCzCDDH9FH47uq_3JvU9Kjx-hZ58AbG5w14b59m160A0fl7hpzXtaUhd-I68Y/s1600/Voyage+map.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 203px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimo7C1oR_z_RBysiQQxaJBHh6jggWR3f8H_UujVZchsHg4dgH_D_IaxgKwwfn4A-p5YtDJOCi88SSkhIvCzCDDH9FH47uq_3JvU9Kjx-hZ58AbG5w14b59m160A0fl7hpzXtaUhd-I68Y/s320/Voyage+map.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681577762238692930" /></a><br /> A new permanent exhibition of antique maps has just opened on the second floor of the CSU Dominguez Hills University Library. Entitled "Where Are You From?" the exhibition documents the vast information that be gleaned from maps. Looking for New Granada? Since it is now the country of Columbia you probably can't readily find it on MapQuest, although it is represented on a map now on display in the library. Need to find where Russian Tartary or "Hindoostan" was? You can find them in the exhibition. With 15 maps dating from 1747 to 1946, the exhibition covers the entire world. These maps show how the world was viewed throughout the last 250 years and surprise the viewer with accuracy as well as inaccuracy and whimsy. They invite praise for their art and design, confusion when a familiar place is named something else and serve as a gateway for critical thinking. <br /><br />The exhibition features one 1847 map that shows the Mexican border reaching Oregon while another 100 years earlier is unable to show Northern Canada and Alaska because the map stated that they haven't been discovered yet. Many of the maps focus on Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, while others focus on California and Los Angeles. One 1788 map shows the Philippines and Borneo. While many of the maps were used to chart courses, others were created for fun and education(Jo Mora's California, 1945) and others were published to promote California tourism (Roads to Romance) or industrial locations (Unique Map of California). Some maps published before automobiles and without any need to chart a ship, were created for an atlas to teach physical geography. <br /><br />One 1796 map has the longest title: “A general chart, on Mercator's projection, to shew the track of the Lion and Hindostan from England to the Gulph of Pekin in China, and of their return to England: with the daily statement of the barometer and thermometer as observed at noon: containing also the limits of the Chinese Empire as extended by the conquests of the present Emperor Tchien-Lung.” <br /><br />Another map is entitled: “A New and Accurate Map of America drawn from the most approved modern Maps and Charts and adjusted by Astronomical Observations. Exhibiting the Course of Trade Winds both in the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans,” 1747.<br /><br />The maps are part of the Library's Archives and Special Collections Map Collection. Additional maps are on display in the on the fifth floor. The Library collaborated with the Promoting Excellence in Graduate Studies Program (PEGS)to put the exhibition together. The maps can viewed during regular library hours.<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn-lLASZGh55QbyIo0gtbC4MBhda34xhHkBEWt3fWlw_TDfcxxNl089yyjiUv2Q2Wla6XkPQ0URPhZUq-XpBAh8UwzLfyERqPtLbU_LgfyLmgtzXPbm39dWCbWh2s7CoXSLSfy2q1YQ_8/s1600/MAP_0040+small.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 213px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn-lLASZGh55QbyIo0gtbC4MBhda34xhHkBEWt3fWlw_TDfcxxNl089yyjiUv2Q2Wla6XkPQ0URPhZUq-XpBAh8UwzLfyERqPtLbU_LgfyLmgtzXPbm39dWCbWh2s7CoXSLSfy2q1YQ_8/s320/MAP_0040+small.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681592938116327618" /></a>Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-74320126107098492312011-12-01T14:35:00.000-08:002011-12-01T14:42:34.189-08:00Don Hata Talks about Issues in "Building Evidence" Exhibition<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAQBlnos6ufGFYgwgICsxMrnwR6Lf5a-Zdu8HuZwmUwI5Hbb6DgoizGg0FuG4PLF1NxsUNCC4XvLXaVP3MJYwbcdVmdRuBo9lGYfrjOirtp3j-VY70GOvMxaeVrjvrPrc_63uw8hbX8xg/s1600/Hata+Talk+11.29.2011.JPG"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAQBlnos6ufGFYgwgICsxMrnwR6Lf5a-Zdu8HuZwmUwI5Hbb6DgoizGg0FuG4PLF1NxsUNCC4XvLXaVP3MJYwbcdVmdRuBo9lGYfrjOirtp3j-VY70GOvMxaeVrjvrPrc_63uw8hbX8xg/s320/Hata+Talk+11.29.2011.JPG" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681293136683470450" /></a><br /><br />On November 29, 2011 Dr. Donald Hata, professor emeritus of history addressed the largest group of students ever assembled in CSUDH's Archives Reading Room. Hata spoke on Japanese American incarceration during World War II and issues raised by the Archives current exhibition entitled "Building Evidence."Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-9352038179254039842011-12-01T14:26:00.000-08:002011-12-01T14:35:18.335-08:00Dateline Dominguez Article on Exhibition "Building Evidence."<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqLfhNHbT5724Rph5DYRjyizsSazLaFxz3IO5jp6yOP8pfRzR9L0z8RXh0eWqpeuYY92FzGmqWkDg2a8-O2NZrFoELqE_WRZk5x3_NVolPwanMi8uwyr3QRMgoX_4YGcKFYJXB_3SDgoI/s1600/ninomiya001-1KinsoN.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqLfhNHbT5724Rph5DYRjyizsSazLaFxz3IO5jp6yOP8pfRzR9L0z8RXh0eWqpeuYY92FzGmqWkDg2a8-O2NZrFoELqE_WRZk5x3_NVolPwanMi8uwyr3QRMgoX_4YGcKFYJXB_3SDgoI/s320/ninomiya001-1KinsoN.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681291488890147122" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeMG15rHRhxc7TMH6LPh9lvk5qzN3RpNweNL35uUTo_2Msey0wAfutBmAD7cB7IJW8n9f-NbVRU-Ow6QPr8EgkpatTnVcPjXX_mMxGbF3bNKBL763k3XJGHbe2zt8PBEzjCVxjAg4aomA/s1600/ninomiya005shrimp.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 259px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeMG15rHRhxc7TMH6LPh9lvk5qzN3RpNweNL35uUTo_2Msey0wAfutBmAD7cB7IJW8n9f-NbVRU-Ow6QPr8EgkpatTnVcPjXX_mMxGbF3bNKBL763k3XJGHbe2zt8PBEzjCVxjAg4aomA/s320/ninomiya005shrimp.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681291488036253842" /></a><br /><br />For more than 40 years, historians and archivists at California State University, Dominguez Hills have been gathering materials documenting the lives of Japanese Americans in the South Bay and Los Angeles. Consisting of photographs, yearbooks, and artwork, as well as documents such as letters and property leases, “Building Evidence: Japanese Americans in Southern California During Mid-Century – 40 Years of Collecting, An Exhibition” —on view now through March 2012—focuses on the lives and obstacles faced by Japanese Americans in the South Bay and Los Angeles prior to, during, and after World War II.<br /><br /><br />Topics covered in the materials collected include the location of Japanese American tenant farmer families on Dominguez/Rancho San Pedro lands before World War II and the removal of those families after Pearl Harbor; the mass evacuation of citizens and incarceration in concentration camps such as at Manzanar in California and Granada, Colorado; and letters from various Japanese Americans searching for jobs and places to live after the camps were closed. Several of the recently rescued Ninomiya Studio photographs show Japanese American life in the 1950s. In addition, the exhibition features the artwork of Mary Higuchi, Henry Fukahara, and H. Takata, as well as a scale model of a camp barracks made by former Torrance resident Min Sueda.<br /><br />There are two talks related to the World War II component of “Building Evidence.” On Nov. 29, emeritus professor of history Donald T. Hata will speak on the issues surrounding the incarceration of Japanese Americans in the exhibition and in the fourth edition of his book, “Japanese Americans and World War II — Mass Removal, Imprisonment, and Redress” (with Nadine Ishitani Hata). He will speak on Nov. 29 at 4 p.m. Mitch Maki, acting provost and vice president of Academic Affairs, will speak on the Japanese American redress movement and its meaning for all Americans on Feb. 16, 2012, at 3 p.m. Both events will take place at the Archives and Special Collections Reading Room on the fifth floor of the south wing of the University Library.<br /><br />A lease for 17 acres of the Rancho San Pedro between Ichiro Haijima and Carson Estate Company contains the notation, "Tenant Evacuated by U.S. Gov't 3-1-42." Courtesy of University Archives and Special Collections<br /><br />Greg Williams, director of Archives and Special Collections at CSU Dominguez Hills, says that the exhibition connects the national injustice of Japanese American incarceration during WWII to events of similar outrage that took place locally.<br /><br />“Many South Bay families were kicked off Rancho San Pedro lands that they had cultivated for a generation,” he says. “Our research has been able to map out where specific families lived on Rancho lands in the 1930s.<br /><br />“The preservation of newsletters, photographs, and recently donated letters ensures that students will have access to new sources for today’s students to study from their own generational point of view,” Williams continues. “While the exhibition documents an enormous outrage against the rights of Japanese American citizens, it can also be viewed in the context of civil rights after 9-11 and the most recent laws against immigration in Arizona and Alabama. The purpose of this exhibition is to show students the relationship of the past to the present and how democratic principles are always at risk.”<br /><br />Photographs appear courtesy of Mike Risner from the Ninomiya Collection.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-63663904185493171042011-12-01T14:02:00.000-08:002011-12-01T14:21:54.735-08:00Local Filipino Americans Visit Archives to Discuss History Collections<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJC-fcjRD00OPrmTTHFZVt3fqn0McnyRAI0vR5yD1i9TYJ9iXw_eJphb0JN0xirQ_qWwl5b28m31r5H-QhkgnhT7q11D6MP-dPmCCfQ8ffHsBiO1b5xHlquSVubHRZpt3iNHJgD_kuVLY/s1600/Filipino+American+Archive+Tour.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 239px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJC-fcjRD00OPrmTTHFZVt3fqn0McnyRAI0vR5yD1i9TYJ9iXw_eJphb0JN0xirQ_qWwl5b28m31r5H-QhkgnhT7q11D6MP-dPmCCfQ8ffHsBiO1b5xHlquSVubHRZpt3iNHJgD_kuVLY/s320/Filipino+American+Archive+Tour.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5681287903271866482" /></a><br />The website Bakitwhy.com covered a visit to the archives on November 19, 2011 by local Filipino Americans interested in local history collections. See http://www.bakitwhy.com/articles/csudh-archives-and-special-collections-build-filipiniana-collection.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-10192738196523035342011-10-26T14:05:00.000-07:002011-10-26T14:14:22.526-07:00Building Evidence: Japanese Americans in Southern California During Mid-Century. 40 Years of Collecting. An Exhibition, October 2011-March 2012.<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCBYNEtzauQ3v_-vQpfRZ5GMMff3O57y5P5z4lcJMXt3uF2Y2FOPnzgXFKvgD3yDqSnxFXzOq3n-KEXV32VQAw8iTz_p82qi4RaKHatiMZeSwO8VVFXw9ztORp8SWnnFJKCSXGsXLapmA/s1600/Amache_3+copy.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 204px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCBYNEtzauQ3v_-vQpfRZ5GMMff3O57y5P5z4lcJMXt3uF2Y2FOPnzgXFKvgD3yDqSnxFXzOq3n-KEXV32VQAw8iTz_p82qi4RaKHatiMZeSwO8VVFXw9ztORp8SWnnFJKCSXGsXLapmA/s320/Amache_3+copy.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5667912001967589522" /></a><br /><br />Building Evidence: Japanese Americans in Southern California During Mid-Century. 40 Years of Collecting. An Exhibition, October 2011-March 2012.<br />Archives and Special Collections, University Library, CSU Dominguez Hills. <br />Leo Cain Library North (New) Wing, #5039. Fifth Floor, University Archives.<br />For over 40 years historians and archivists at CSU Dominguez Hills have been gathering materials documenting the lives of Japanese Americans in the South Bay and Los Angeles. A large segment of material focuses on the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, but there is also material on Japanese Americans before and after the War. <br />Consisting of photographs, yearbooks, artwork, letters, leases, the exhibition focuses on the lives and obstacles faced by Japanese Americans in the South Bay and Los Angeles prior, during and after World War II. Topics include the location of some Japanese American tenant farmer families on Dominguez/Rancho San Pedro lands before World War II and the removal of those families after Pearl Harbor; the mass evacuation of citizens and incarceration in concentration camps such as Manzanar and Granada, Colorado; letters from various Japanese Americans searching for jobs and places to live after the camps were closed. Several of the recently-rescued Ninomiya Studio photographs show Japanese American life in the 1950s. In addition the exhibition features artwork of Mary Higuchi, Henry Fukahara and H. Takata as well as a scale model of a camp barracks made by former Torrance resident Min Sueda.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-50929890007277051822011-10-13T14:27:00.000-07:002011-10-13T14:41:26.301-07:00Archives Bazaar Oct 22, 2011 at USC. The Airship image at the Top of the Poster is from the CSUDH Archives Collection.<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnCDMUPPab5cR_76Wcbc0MHpEM3NZz88q98MRB8M9Sv388At0FR2auNg1EEVxsvf5x1oudvL_IknIpcrjA1uUbH7dEnSQEEUpe6Q2ALizEVZI3qT25fXk8GlDyJZUFiXP_SX6le7_kPMM/s1600/Archives_Bazaar_2011-1.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 207px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnCDMUPPab5cR_76Wcbc0MHpEM3NZz88q98MRB8M9Sv388At0FR2auNg1EEVxsvf5x1oudvL_IknIpcrjA1uUbH7dEnSQEEUpe6Q2ALizEVZI3qT25fXk8GlDyJZUFiXP_SX6le7_kPMM/s320/Archives_Bazaar_2011-1.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5663093249838759202" /></a>Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-83386718421539807642011-03-02T12:41:00.001-08:002011-03-02T12:41:44.741-08:00CSU 50th Annivesary Websitehttp://www.calstate.edu/50th/acknowledgements.shtmlGreg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-36251466083441962022011-01-10T08:09:00.000-08:002011-01-10T08:41:34.502-08:00Youthful Jerry Brown Found Camping in Archives Outdoor Photos<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4uvqS9lqRIPWcot74EYduLCOyzrYNT2G5gCXe36GmAf_PFhK0VFaZHnb4_cv3F5InAkFUK0IVbRD9G34Mop3uOwB1kpZEWSmCtMcb3O3RyEoO3i-ZyiTuPKtE7AhYSmYKMpC3EfV8Uuo/s1600/Brown_Trinity5.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 318px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4uvqS9lqRIPWcot74EYduLCOyzrYNT2G5gCXe36GmAf_PFhK0VFaZHnb4_cv3F5InAkFUK0IVbRD9G34Mop3uOwB1kpZEWSmCtMcb3O3RyEoO3i-ZyiTuPKtE7AhYSmYKMpC3EfV8Uuo/s320/Brown_Trinity5.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560598267172619154" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6cn73PhPL0H7MNJEJyC0D8Mh0JYNeGMa9DagtVVXrp4XfJ9fYwebRThfSIqf_f90vE49-0xI-1SuysWMjFTcya1yWozCdEq_1JgzvmArrmU6EvPoaUOdKcq4pvsZjedP2cW4lLj9N2CU/s1600/Brown_Trinity2.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 318px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6cn73PhPL0H7MNJEJyC0D8Mh0JYNeGMa9DagtVVXrp4XfJ9fYwebRThfSIqf_f90vE49-0xI-1SuysWMjFTcya1yWozCdEq_1JgzvmArrmU6EvPoaUOdKcq4pvsZjedP2cW4lLj9N2CU/s320/Brown_Trinity2.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560598259684915266" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXJ_rASNuE5mptywcFpi8ZEvfT4vkaeCjcwj0eaaY9ljuNRaL4oq7EHq-oc2O6N0RlRLKxTt_wDN0bmxdFUrOWNQqar_fH888oK_Efr8_6Bjvrh-XkijzsUpTIOfUDIxPVh55DOqnx6wE/s1600/Brown_Trinity1.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 222px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXJ_rASNuE5mptywcFpi8ZEvfT4vkaeCjcwj0eaaY9ljuNRaL4oq7EHq-oc2O6N0RlRLKxTt_wDN0bmxdFUrOWNQqar_fH888oK_Efr8_6Bjvrh-XkijzsUpTIOfUDIxPVh55DOqnx6wE/s320/Brown_Trinity1.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560598248050243442" /></a><br />In his inauguration speech this week, Gov. Jerry Brown talked about his ancestors, who toughed it out on the frontier as they migrated to California. In the 1960s, the Brown family was still roughing it out over the land, but as enthusiastic campers who wanted to see the natural wonders of the Golden State. During his administration, Gov. Edmund “Pat” Brown took annual treks into the California wilderness. Joining him were his son and future governor Edmund “Jerry” Brown, Jr., and several state officials including Donald P. Loker, one of the longest serving supporters of California State College, Dominguez Hills and later, California State University, Dominguez Hills. The Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Student Union is named in honor of Loker and his wife. Also along on many of the elder Brown’s excursions was William E. Warne, who served Brown’s administration in many functions. <br />The William E. Warne collection arrived at the CSU Dominguez Hills archives a few years ago and was recently processed. A finding aid to the Warne Collection will be published with the university’s other 100 archival collections on the Online Archive of California. The Collection will help students research California water resource issues along with issues relating to Warne’s diplomatic career in Iran, Brazil and Korea during the 1950s.<br />During the processing of the collection, archivists came upon several photo albums of camping and horseback trips taken by Warne, Gov. Brown and others. In one of the albums, several photos of a young Jerry Brown holding his catch of fish were found. In the photos, the future governor is 22 years old and about to embark on his last year at University of California at Berkeley. Another album had photos of Loker.<br />Operation Trinity Alps was established by the California Department of Fish and Game for Gov. Pat Brown to get acquainted with various issues relating to fish and game conservation, located on Canyon Creek Lakes in Trinity County. The camping trip in the university’s photos took place in August 1960. The album was presented to Warne, then director of the Department of Agriculture by Walter T. Shannon, director of the Department of Fish and Game. Warne later became director of the California Department of Water Resources. The photo album from the trip contains approximately 75 snapshots of the Browns’ excursion with 18 other state officials and members of the press.<br />In July 1966, Loker in his role as Small Crafts Harbor Commission chairman joined Gov. Brown and Warne for the Governor’s Pack Trip between Wades Lake and Little Jamison Creek in Plumas County. Participants included state officials, television station newsmen, and other members of the media.<br />Warne was born in Indiana in 1905. He earned a degree in English from the UC Berkeley in 1927 and worked as a reporter for several California newspapers from 1925 to 1935. He then worked for the Bureau of Reclamation as an editor and chief of information until 1942, and served as its assistant commissioner from 1943 to 1947. He was then appointed to assistant secretary of the Department of the Interior and held that position until 1950. He was a U.S. diplomat to Iran (1951-1955), Brazil (1955-1956), and Korea (1956-1959). Warne also worked as director of the California Department of Game and Fish from 1959 to 1960, the California Department of Agriculture (now California Department of Food and Agriculture) from 1960 to 1961, and the California Department of Water Resources from 1961 to 1967. He served on many commissions and boards relating to water, development, and pollution control. Warne died in 1996.<br />- Greg WilliamsGreg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-6428012910134283822010-11-09T11:21:00.000-08:002010-11-09T11:38:04.139-08:00Air Meet Film Shown at Academy in Los Angeles<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhce2aCf19cpTgcPbnNa1IBz0AeobrcNkUZrWgrSf99sg33xGhor2Rjd9QSwgzaciMSt4i0xJkRHNMN4OxfefosySYeOM2LCMLz4xEy3ctSoNfcJzrAYVTMBMebw5fgtcGXGFQ6zlfkcqs/s1600/Airmeet+ticket.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 159px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhce2aCf19cpTgcPbnNa1IBz0AeobrcNkUZrWgrSf99sg33xGhor2Rjd9QSwgzaciMSt4i0xJkRHNMN4OxfefosySYeOM2LCMLz4xEy3ctSoNfcJzrAYVTMBMebw5fgtcGXGFQ6zlfkcqs/s320/Airmeet+ticket.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5537636505383849826" /></a><br />Oscar gave a shout out to Dominguez Hills on November 8, 2010 when the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presented the film Aviation at Los Angeles, Calif. The film was one of 14 films shown in the program “A Century Ago: The Films of 1910. The archival collections at CSUDH were mentioned during the program and web-pages from the CSUDH site were displayed at the theater.<br /><br />The film "Aviation at Los Angeles, Calif." a production of Essanay Films, released on February 16, 1910, shows the 1910 Aviation Meet at Dominguez Field in all its pioneering glory. The event was the first air meet in the United States and took place just east of the site of CSU Dominguez Hills. Because the film was shot outside the quality of the film is quite striking. It begins with shots of the practically bursting dirigibles of Roy Knabenshue and Lincoln Beachey. Pilots Glenn Curtiss and Louis Paulhan are shown rolling down the hard ruts of the aviation field in their rickety flying machines. In one scene French pilot Paulhan is lifted on the shoulders of an adoring crowd after breaking the record for solo cross-country endurance. He had flown to Santa Anita and back in just over an hour. As he is carried away he pulls out a handkerchief to blow his nose. In another scene Paulhan jumps into his plane with U.S. Army Lieutenant Paul Beck prior to one of the first aerial bomb-dropping tests. There are breathtaking shots of the air meet grandstand with its cast of thousands of spectators and views of the Dominguez hills ranch lands possibly including the Rancho Dominguez and the Carson Family farm. On a filmmaking visit to Los Angeles (Hollywood was still a housing development) Gilbert M. “Bronco Billy” Anderson, co-founder of Essanay Films is also seen in the film. “Bronco Billy” an actor in the important early film, The Great Train Robbery (1903) went on to act and direct over 400 early westerns and other films. The film was presented on a 1910 hand-cranked Cameragraph motion picture machine. The film was accompanied by live piano music. The film copy is owned by the George Eastman House Museum in Rochester, NY. Preservation was funded by the National Endowment for the Arts. <br /><br />Images and material from the largest digital archive of 1910 aviation meet can be found at the CSUDH Archives and Special Collection site http://archives.csudh.edu:2006/cdm4/aviationmeet.php. Short excerpts from another copy of the film can be seen at http://csudh.edu/1910airmeet/video/. The Air meet website is at http://www.csudh.edu/1910airmeet/. Archives and Library staff members started and have contributed to the Wikipedia page on the site. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910_Los_Angeles_International_Air_Meet_at_Dominguez_Field. The Finding Aid to CSU Dominguez Hill’s archival collection can be found at <br />http://www.oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt4m3nc8jw;query=;style=oac4;doc.view=entire_textGreg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-82924784585996068082010-08-20T14:39:00.000-07:002010-08-23T08:10:23.456-07:00Hendrix Exhibit at CSUDH Archives<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiokWs_acV1-oZoSyOQ3NsbmdH5tFrYeIac6jJxSIapI4BfXp0omyN_R6I5CkBukflwUyCSvfZCrf1-tNjP8aDBkVCwzpH-F1z0dx-s6JlrO-DcGozzTAHG1Ghb9bDINIbbgrliQ6Dk4fg/s1600/Hendrix+Exhibition+021.jpg"><img style="float: right; margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiokWs_acV1-oZoSyOQ3NsbmdH5tFrYeIac6jJxSIapI4BfXp0omyN_R6I5CkBukflwUyCSvfZCrf1-tNjP8aDBkVCwzpH-F1z0dx-s6JlrO-DcGozzTAHG1Ghb9bDINIbbgrliQ6Dk4fg/s320/Hendrix+Exhibition+021.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5508622657151699634" border="0" /></a>
<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcrKb76DFP9KNR0sATnzYoPssh6VL_l2VsOU46_SXTwsp7CIGlx6zLBxUrHA1ZnOK4MoCNIbwiu7GM0GpvjnSxtSRlnyl_RSb-drv0tCXWx0aO89ec47c26Z-GxCNZ3dpO93ssGAWlHZY/s1600/Hendrix+Exhibition+031.jpg"><img style="float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcrKb76DFP9KNR0sATnzYoPssh6VL_l2VsOU46_SXTwsp7CIGlx6zLBxUrHA1ZnOK4MoCNIbwiu7GM0GpvjnSxtSRlnyl_RSb-drv0tCXWx0aO89ec47c26Z-GxCNZ3dpO93ssGAWlHZY/s320/Hendrix+Exhibition+031.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5508622368632368626" border="0" /></a>
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<br /></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Exhibit in University Archives Commemorates 40<sup>th</sup> Anniversary of Jimi Hendrix’s Death</b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> Dateline Dominguez, August 20, 2010 by Joanie Harmon</o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>
<br /></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> The Department of Archives and Special Collections <a href="http://archives.csudh.edu/">http://archives.csudh.edu/</a><span style=""> </span>at <st1:place st="on"><st1:placename st="on">California</st1:placename> <st1:placetype st="on">State</st1:placetype> <st1:placetype st="on">University</st1:placetype></st1:place>, Dominguez Hills will present “Jimi Hendrix: I’ll Meet You in the Next World. Don’t Be Late” in the University Library from Aug. 24 to Dec. 17. The exhibit is based on a collection loaned by <st1:place st="on"><st1:placename st="on">South</st1:placename> <st1:placetype st="on">Bay</st1:placetype></st1:place> historian James Osborne, a regular donor to the Archives, as well as a number of materials owned by the university. Vintage singles and albums, posters, magazines, newspapers, and other ephemera illustrate Hendrix’s international rise to stardom until his death at age 27 in <st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">London</st1:city></st1:place> on Sept. 18, 1970. </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p>Archives director Greg Williams says that he hopes the exhibit will build a consciousness of what the university’s library and archives have to offer.<o:p></o:p>“Part of the reason for having an exhibit like this is to get the students up to the Archives and Special Collections so that we could give them an explanation of what it is and how they could use them as a source for primary materials,” he says.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Williams says that one of the key points of Osborne’s collection is its depiction of Hendrix in his time as a pop star, not the iconic guitar genius that he is memorialized as today. He also underscores Hendrix’s rise to stardom in <st1:country-region st="on">England</st1:country-region> and Europe after initially performing for years and remaining undiscovered in the <st1:place st="on"><st1:country-region st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal">“Blues players were popular in <st1:country-region st="on">England</st1:country-region> and Europe in some ways before they were popular in the <st1:country-region st="on"><st1:place st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>,” says Williams. “Hendrix brought that [over], but he also brought this wild, untamed electric guitar... and his genius exploded onto the scene.”</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p>Williams also attributes Hendrix’s popularity to the artist’s penchant for challenging the social mores and prejudices of his time.<o:p></o:p>“Hendrix was also popular because he was breaking down some boundaries,” says Williams. “He would do risqué photo shoots. He was kicked off the Monkees’ tour because he was too radical. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was Hendrix and two British [musicians], Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding. He had one of the earliest integrated rock and roll bands.”<o:p> </o:p>Williams says that he also hopes that the exhibit will encourage local collectors and historians to realize the importance of loaning or donating their materials to the archives. </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style=""> </span>“It’s important that we get the word out that we are the repository for the history of the <st1:place st="on"><st1:placename st="on">South</st1:placename> <st1:placetype st="on">Bay</st1:placetype></st1:place>,” says Williams. </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p> The University Archives at CSU Dominguez Hills is open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.,<span style=""> </span>Monday-Friday. Osborne is scheduled to present talks on his collection on Sept. 16 at 3:30 p.m. and Nov. 17 at 4:30 p.m.<span style=""></span></p>
<br /><p class="MsoNormal">- <st1:personname st="on">Joanie Harmon</st1:personname></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-24898058310524945722010-08-12T08:02:00.000-07:002010-08-12T08:15:40.713-07:00History Walkway<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidmF3CTFzB8HbTA6xWlRoUuZiVOhzhsF3ime-twSfYQmTwyd9cdnfXq-HZdxLRqo5kuywdJLRzwiV5aCvc_KibH_BtPTFnXRz-xnvTKWX2Sh_laNQxt3vQy2wRGCg30ADm9jNkvSfDnEI/s1600/History+Walkway+003.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidmF3CTFzB8HbTA6xWlRoUuZiVOhzhsF3ime-twSfYQmTwyd9cdnfXq-HZdxLRqo5kuywdJLRzwiV5aCvc_KibH_BtPTFnXRz-xnvTKWX2Sh_laNQxt3vQy2wRGCg30ADm9jNkvSfDnEI/s320/History+Walkway+003.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5504541465801507298" border="0" /></a><br />All students, faculty and staff as well as the community are welcome to visit the CSUDH Archives' History Walkway. Located on the Fifth Floor of the South Wing of the Library, the Walkway features 60 or so photographs documenting the history of California State University Dominguez Hills. The Archives has nearly 100,000 photographs. Nearly 6000 of those images are digitized and can be found at http://archives.csudh.edu:2006/. The Walkway provides a view of wide-ranging view of the history of the campus from its beginnings in Palos Verdes in 1965 and in an apartment-like building at Dominguez Hills in 1966. The Walkway is a permanent feature of the new library's fifth floor which also features the new Archives Reading Room, an Events Gallery, a Multi-Cultural Reading Room and Multi-cultural Art Gallery. The photographs include images of early campus buildings, student activities, and visits to campus by governors and other dignitaries.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-57329561843631851702010-07-15T10:10:00.000-07:002010-07-16T13:08:27.890-07:00Long Beach Fire Dept. Museum Photo Collection Now Open for Research<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5B_nsimD7vfTTBNqBMSpnyG3avJTO6zM-W0LSM-_Xw5KvG6tOCAv8f-9lStLXzAWzh6D_Xd-qpiaN8N5Wa8ElBDjqt7Utgn-kuLR7ukD111TZxBXBBS3qnMe08n-pmULuqeRU437P3TY/s1600/1137_3.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 230px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5B_nsimD7vfTTBNqBMSpnyG3avJTO6zM-W0LSM-_Xw5KvG6tOCAv8f-9lStLXzAWzh6D_Xd-qpiaN8N5Wa8ElBDjqt7Utgn-kuLR7ukD111TZxBXBBS3qnMe08n-pmULuqeRU437P3TY/s320/1137_3.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5494196387915640178" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFFoprt9lcIf5tW3I1U32cTI_IZQhDjb48eeltM-QnJ91i7879OEnnNhXkplhIsoL8m18ChgNnkqyFTWjEajTQA7hztOSPqeOKXxQv8G0TMQ20Q_NLGpUNie674XLNwH_vi5xYP4T0rr4/s1600/714.jpg"><img style="float: right; margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; cursor: pointer; width: 258px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFFoprt9lcIf5tW3I1U32cTI_IZQhDjb48eeltM-QnJ91i7879OEnnNhXkplhIsoL8m18ChgNnkqyFTWjEajTQA7hztOSPqeOKXxQv8G0TMQ20Q_NLGpUNie674XLNwH_vi5xYP4T0rr4/s320/714.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5494195552491833826" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOHJ4gbQxS_sPMjyeEFCzrS-SRiLycoos2rOVJXfMgrL1gl8CIB1QmrPyuAVOobuLFMCbpr8nA342Um8kjq_87zM6zVh79gLUSvSFlN6f1DEcA78fJkrjf6Ev4K53KAs8Wi8S-SdERWhs/s1600/702.jpg"><img style="float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 260px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOHJ4gbQxS_sPMjyeEFCzrS-SRiLycoos2rOVJXfMgrL1gl8CIB1QmrPyuAVOobuLFMCbpr8nA342Um8kjq_87zM6zVh79gLUSvSFlN6f1DEcA78fJkrjf6Ev4K53KAs8Wi8S-SdERWhs/s320/702.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5494195393599357474" border="0" /></a><br /> The Long Beach Fire Department Museum Photograph Collection has recently opened for research. This extensive and fascinating collection consists of over 10,000 images. These images have been digitized although they are not yet online. Digital images can be viewed in the Archives Reading Room.<br /><br />Negatives and photographic prints documenting the history of the Long Beach Fire Department. Included are images of the department from its earliest days in the early 20th century through to 1971. Images focus upon department personnel, apparatus, fires, and fire prevention. Also includes photographic prints and negatives which document the history of the city of Long Beach, including documentation of the March 10, 1933 earthquake and documentation of early drilling activities including major fires in the Long Beach area.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-2006267866724604952010-07-15T09:57:00.000-07:002010-07-15T10:08:39.043-07:00History of CSU published using CSU Archives<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTuc1T0GQrPFn1E8HjmF8gXriNo1BTRa3F16Msjjcn9Me7aUw07l4U6_VoU3_z19YqUXbVUeP8lpXggE31mcsBzCQBW7IOlb72QulYSjUehpFVIFH061MGX5il3OcG9ZOkn6aPf822xrk/s1600/Peoples+University+cover.jpg"><img style="float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTuc1T0GQrPFn1E8HjmF8gXriNo1BTRa3F16Msjjcn9Me7aUw07l4U6_VoU3_z19YqUXbVUeP8lpXggE31mcsBzCQBW7IOlb72QulYSjUehpFVIFH061MGX5il3OcG9ZOkn6aPf822xrk/s320/Peoples+University+cover.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5494180640170487682" border="0" /></a><br /><br />The People's University, A History of the California State University System by Donald R. Gerth, former President of Sacramento State and CSU Dominguez Hills earlier this year. To a large extent Dr. Gerth used the archives of the CSU System located at CSU Dominguez Hills.<br /><br />Since its founding as a single institution in San Francisco in the years after the Gold Rush, the California State University has grown into a system of 23 campuses that enroll more than 450,000 students. The People's University is the story of that extraordinary growth.<br /><br />Today, the California State University is the state s 1,000 mile campus. Its programs reach every corner of the state, and its mission of access, affordability, and quality touches countless people of all ages. CSU is a critical component of California s celebrated system of public higher education, working in partnership with the 10 campuses of the University of California and the state's 109 Community College campuses.<br /><br /># Paperback: 694 pages<br /># Publisher: Institute of Governmental Studies Press (January 13, 2010)<br /># Language: English<br /># ISBN-10: 0877724350<br /># ISBN-13: 978-0877724353Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-75167436639856358212010-07-15T09:19:00.000-07:002010-07-15T09:50:51.491-07:00New 50th Anniversary Book on CSU Dominguez Hills<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQLZbjan9byCS4IkE-uKOKuZQiyUe0IAHVThnsAqgJ5ITcUqek-hSNRy0-uVcfLN016u1_3gEmgOssr4l5JdBomKghJR2_nhpCx_ikuPbs3KgfeP40MhkApyo-NOTRx6uu3eygbWZDouA/s1600/cover+of+arcadia+books.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 222px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQLZbjan9byCS4IkE-uKOKuZQiyUe0IAHVThnsAqgJ5ITcUqek-hSNRy0-uVcfLN016u1_3gEmgOssr4l5JdBomKghJR2_nhpCx_ikuPbs3KgfeP40MhkApyo-NOTRx6uu3eygbWZDouA/s320/cover+of+arcadia+books.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5494176026177870562" /></a><br /> Celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2010, California State University Dominguez Hills has been a dynamic urban university tasked with educating students who often become the first in their families to attend college. CSU Dominguez Hills is located in Carson, Los Angeles County, and boasts one of the most ethnically diverse enrollments in the United States. Chartered in 1960 as a liberal arts college serving baby boomers in Los Angeles's South Bay region, CSU Dominguez Hills has grown into a university dedicated to personalized learning. After years of wrangling over the college's location, classes began in 1965 in a bank building and the next year moved to Dominguez Hills. By the end of the 1970s, the campus included several thousand students attending classes in 10 architecturally unique buildings. In the 21st century, CSU Dominguez Hills offers 45 undergraduate majors and 24 master's degrees.<br />About the Author<br />Greg Williams directs the archives at CSU Dominguez Hills and has been an archivist for three decades. He has curated exhibitions, published collection guides, and served as photograph editor for three coffee-table books. His publications include Guide to the Manuscript Collections of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and Filming San Diego: Hollywood's Backlot, 1898-2002. CSU Dominguez Hills Archives hold materials on the campus itself, the South Bay, and the California State University system.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-81768278915379879462010-05-17T15:48:00.000-07:002010-05-17T15:56:29.508-07:00Rare Book Room<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvLfsxocI1LVXmtKWn31CxE4ygAjuAXJcz1Tw2xIO_ymc9Ps4sF7CHk4EsYtwdY7yVI_OhGGhHU5XK4E5GG6ti0ZD9XOcfnBKX8EcQetKB7Ayt5oVe52mPijeuyiUWOH5qfg-tw49Ak6g/s1600/CSUDH+051.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 213px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvLfsxocI1LVXmtKWn31CxE4ygAjuAXJcz1Tw2xIO_ymc9Ps4sF7CHk4EsYtwdY7yVI_OhGGhHU5XK4E5GG6ti0ZD9XOcfnBKX8EcQetKB7Ayt5oVe52mPijeuyiUWOH5qfg-tw49Ak6g/s320/CSUDH+051.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472375879560086706" /></a><br />The new Rare Book Room in Archives and Special Collections at the CSU Dominguez Hills Library is available for class presentations and other meetings relating to the study of materials in the Archives. The Room houses the Glen Schwendeman Collection of history and exploration, the Buckner Collection of Newberry Award Winners and the early 20th century bestsellers collection. In addition the Archives reading room has California History and Latin American History titles for research.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-84271216246821424272010-05-17T14:51:00.000-07:002010-05-17T15:47:51.258-07:00New Headquarters for the CSUDH Archives<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHZ4FTjIEDBJ05DXbfb28LA0ky-CvjP0AwX9u2gARI6xtWyGz05TsKUEG_fuL2hxhWXkejokQhUVslv4nm9H_DZBnqDvyrMzzF8anLfFS9TXMpOA4fyQhXGB9QoVorzW4KhfHdtkiLDXI/s1600/May+17,+2010+007.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHZ4FTjIEDBJ05DXbfb28LA0ky-CvjP0AwX9u2gARI6xtWyGz05TsKUEG_fuL2hxhWXkejokQhUVslv4nm9H_DZBnqDvyrMzzF8anLfFS9TXMpOA4fyQhXGB9QoVorzW4KhfHdtkiLDXI/s320/May+17,+2010+007.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472373919411079378" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitnhn8Gt5jbI5fDUjvDmJaveWg4QRl3d-iL4tq8Zq8n4xfe0laejLhaEHdSzhyphenhyphenuQFmI2HvqSQnU6z5Dq1PEHrItkS4KbnPE6Vr0uicSb8OTeI37JgZEY0FHLoi-B9HKB8dhCiJP4ciAeo/s1600/May+17,+2010+014.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitnhn8Gt5jbI5fDUjvDmJaveWg4QRl3d-iL4tq8Zq8n4xfe0laejLhaEHdSzhyphenhyphenuQFmI2HvqSQnU6z5Dq1PEHrItkS4KbnPE6Vr0uicSb8OTeI37JgZEY0FHLoi-B9HKB8dhCiJP4ciAeo/s320/May+17,+2010+014.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472373910516901570" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihQrfwZcXCdAorIzgYUPzO7-W86ZEHbocpO6fUoe-ikDvLWpUY6pq567GR1okLUg51Ik10ogQJrbOhT4EVoLIePzUadXoWqOHRDk0TGyOPdtqZmtGgXd6X_OL-B5-3nCq5FDzdVn1zPF4/s1600/April+27,+2010+074+(2).jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihQrfwZcXCdAorIzgYUPzO7-W86ZEHbocpO6fUoe-ikDvLWpUY6pq567GR1okLUg51Ik10ogQJrbOhT4EVoLIePzUadXoWqOHRDk0TGyOPdtqZmtGgXd6X_OL-B5-3nCq5FDzdVn1zPF4/s320/April+27,+2010+074+(2).jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472373901047268354" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC4QOvNMXMMT3KQUWE0Mjzgex7p6LYOT_yJgyWHnHwtWqnXLoCrPKKKk2sAghUlOGolVtg9fme7zqWhNwBf2wnWnjI_xdoViC2NSvgzffcnrXu_dUvj5OZqfp6cS7jdXgD28hC462dDxg/s1600/CSUDH+053.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 214px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC4QOvNMXMMT3KQUWE0Mjzgex7p6LYOT_yJgyWHnHwtWqnXLoCrPKKKk2sAghUlOGolVtg9fme7zqWhNwBf2wnWnjI_xdoViC2NSvgzffcnrXu_dUvj5OZqfp6cS7jdXgD28hC462dDxg/s320/CSUDH+053.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472373895475878082" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHePl9i8rrG0A_XTsFI1qWGVgwPxF_pUzw_8ahu0R_Rb85AvYzA9PWP6PEjxjo2i8amkTaNnvleCKLWbh080_ll3abeVVjFBVqH65XeNKD8SiazPjzBinfy5cwf7vEJgchkTwAujJGfbg/s1600/CSUDH+050.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 213px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHePl9i8rrG0A_XTsFI1qWGVgwPxF_pUzw_8ahu0R_Rb85AvYzA9PWP6PEjxjo2i8amkTaNnvleCKLWbh080_ll3abeVVjFBVqH65XeNKD8SiazPjzBinfy5cwf7vEJgchkTwAujJGfbg/s320/CSUDH+050.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5472373887007287506" /></a><br />On April 29, 2010, the 50th Anniversary of the founding of the University, the Archives and Special Collections department moved into its spacious new headquarters in the new South Wing of the library. The new Archives consists of a much larger reading room (with windows!), a rare book room, a preservation room, and expanded archival storage areas with appropriate environmental controls. The new Archives allows for expanded opportunities for research, class presentations and preservation of historic materials. The expanded space allows for more space for staff and interns as well as for new collections.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-57786155481294353692010-01-04T16:18:00.000-08:002010-01-04T12:57:36.131-08:00CENTENNIAL OF AVIATION MEET, 1910 - 2010 Los Angeles International Aviation Meet<div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSyX5fmh7_I/AAAAAAAADbo/zYqOQlRVaTQ/s1600-h/aviationposter.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272756277735452658" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 212px; cursor: pointer; height: 320px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSyX5fmh7_I/AAAAAAAADbo/zYqOQlRVaTQ/s320/aviationposter.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Large color poster that was used for the first aviation meet in 1910</span></div><span style="font-weight: bold;">
<br /><span style="font-family: times new roman;">CENTENNIAL OF FLIGHT ON THE WEST COAST JANUARY 10,1910-JANUARY 10, 2010</span></span>
<br /><meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link style="font-family: times new roman;" rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CGWILLI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><o:smarttagtype style="font-family: times new roman;" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype style="font-family: times new roman;" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype style="font-family: times new roman;" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id="ieooui"></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Verdana; panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:536871559 0 0 0 415 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family:Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family:Verdana; color:#660033; mso-text-animation:none; text-decoration:none; text-underline:none; text-decoration:none; text-line-through:none;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {color:purple; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">AT DOMINGUEZ FIELD</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">For eleven days in January 1910, the Dominguez Hills area was the focal point of the Aviation world. Seven years after the Wright Brothers achieved the first successful airplane flight, 226,000 people came to see aviators, balloonists and dirigible pilots fly above <st1:place st="on">Southern California</st1:place> for the first time. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The Los Angeles International Aviation Meet at Dominguez Field was the first aviation meet in the <st1:country-region st="on"><st1:place st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Most Californians had never seen a machine flying through the air. The Air Meet boosters built a huge grandstand, an aviators’ camp, and improved train passenger platforms so citizens could get from downtown to Dominguez Hills.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The Air Meet took place 50 years before CSU Dominguez Hills was founded and about 125 years after the first Spanish Land Grant in <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">California</st1:place></st1:state> was awarded in 1784 to Juan Jose Dominguez. At the time lands surrounding this area were owned by members of the Dominguez, Carson, Watson and Del Amo families. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Spectators at the Air Meet saw renowned French aviator Louis Paulhan, Glenn Curtiss, Charles Willard and others break records for altitude (nearly a mile), endurance (1 hour, 49 minutes), fastest speed with a passenger (55 mph), and quickest start. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The <i style="">Los Angeles Times</i>, capturing the enthusiasm for the event, claimed that the meet was “one of the greatest public events in the history of the West.” <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Additional information and photographs are accessible on the CSUDH website at http://archives.csudh.edu<span style=""> </span>or<span style=""> </span><a href="http://www.1910dominguezmeet.com/"><span style="font-family: Verdana;">www.1910dominguezmeet.com</span></a>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<br />The Committee hosts a <a href="http://www.csudh.edu/1910airmeet/">website</a> that includes historical information, as well as short film clips from the first meet.
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<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSyYkUFj5gI/AAAAAAAADbw/BaPSYGzGqyk/s1600-h/biplane.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272757013378754050" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 208px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSyYkUFj5gI/AAAAAAAADbw/BaPSYGzGqyk/s320/biplane.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">"Biplan Farman"</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Drawing of front and side of Farman Biplane</span>
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<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy16TK4p4I/AAAAAAAADb4/dz-jfqXK8Sc/s1600-h/curtiss+biplane.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272789276926977922" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 200px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy16TK4p4I/AAAAAAAADb4/dz-jfqXK8Sc/s320/curtiss+biplane.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Charles Willard with Curtiss Biplane, 1910</span>
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<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy2zwZg9CI/AAAAAAAADcA/3vZwyOpHGH8/s1600-h/dirigible.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272790264025510946" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 264px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy2zwZg9CI/AAAAAAAADcA/3vZwyOpHGH8/s320/dirigible.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Roy Knabenshue dirigible in flight, 1910</span>
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<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4R6unu6I/AAAAAAAADcQ/e0gM5xheaVg/s1600-h/aviators.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272791881706093474" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 256px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4R6unu6I/AAAAAAAADcQ/e0gM5xheaVg/s320/aviators.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Aviators in Group, 1910</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">from left: Hilary Beachey, Col. Johnson(?), Glenn Curtiss, Louis Paulhan, Charled Willard, Didier Masson, Lincoln Beachey, Roy Knabenshue, Charled Hamilton.</span>
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<br /><span class="maintext"></span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4bkw-CjI/AAAAAAAADcY/9lyOt_abkXY/s1600-h/marker.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272792047609055794" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 298px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4bkw-CjI/AAAAAAAADcY/9lyOt_abkXY/s320/marker.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">CSUDH Marker Plaque, 1974</span>
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<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4IvIva-I/AAAAAAAADcI/uscDeW3u_fc/s1600-h/airmeet+color.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5272791723975601122" style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; width: 320px; cursor: pointer; height: 208px; text-align: center;" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jMNQb7B9UGc/SSy4IvIva-I/AAAAAAAADcI/uscDeW3u_fc/s320/airmeet+color.JPG" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Air meet colored drawing, 1910</span>
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<br /><span style="font-size:100%;">See the <a href="http://archives.csudh.edu:2006/cdm4/aviationmeet.php">CSUDH Digital Collections</a> for more photographs, slides, news clippings, programs, postcards and other aviation ephemera.
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<br />Permission to publish images must be obtained from the CSUDH Archives as owner of the physical item and copyright. In instances when copyright ownership is not clear it is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain copyright permission.</span>
<br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-62897638181973192602009-04-24T13:41:00.000-07:002009-04-24T14:39:15.660-07:00Recently Cataloged CollectionsIn recent months the Archives have been busy cataloging a wide variety of smaller collections that document diverse subjects, but nevertheless may be of importance to students of particular areas of history.<br /><br />All of these collections have finding aids on the Online Archive of California.<br /><br />These collections include the Judson Grenier Photographic Collection. Jud's materials, scholarship and judgement are not just in this one collection....they are scattered throughout most of the collections in the CSUDH and CSU Archives. <br /><br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt7d5nf25t&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">Judson Grenier Photograph Collection</a><br />The materials of this collection contain primarily photographs depicting general city views of the Los Angeles Metropolitan area: residences, buildings, parks, universities, museums, points of historic interest as well as events and scenes from every day life to the1980s. Many of these photos were either published in A Guide to Historic Places in Los Angeles County (Kendall/Hunt, c1978) and the Manhattan Beach historical series publication, or belong to Dr. Grenier’s academic project African American Related Sites & Images while additional images were used for the 18-minute film Pueblo of Promise, which can be seen at the Sepulveda House Visitor’s Center, in Downtown Los Angeles<br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt1k4031p7&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">The Gripsholm Exchanges (Manuscript). Memoir by Atushi Archi Miyamoto</a><br />Manuscript. Atushi Archie Miyamoto memoir entitled The Gripsholm Exchanges: a short concise report on the exchanges of the hostages during WWII between the United States and Japan as it relates to Japanese Americans. These hostage exchanges took place between July 1942 and August 1943 in Lourenço Marques, Mozambique and Mormugao, India respectively. The author was a child passenger of the second exchange aboard the Swedish liner S.S. Gripsholm which was used as repatriation ship between the warfaring nations. Mr. Miyamoto returned to the United States as a teenager in 1948 and served as a lieutenant colonel in the US army until his retirement. This collection came to the Archives with the assistance of Dr. Donald Hata.<br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt5z09r76n&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">Count Carlo Zanardi Landi Collection</a><br />Count Carlo Zanardi Landi (1876-1953) was an Italian nobleman who worked as a Marine Superintendent for the Ocean Salvage Company Limited, a marine salvage company based in London. During World War I, Count Landi was commissioned by the British Admiralty Salvage Section to recover ships primarily stranded in the British Isles and the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The correspondence and photographs concern the steamship salvage business after World War I. Subject matter in the collection include marine accidents; salvage vessels; steamboats; the Admiralty of Great Britain; historic ships, and salvage missions in the Black Sea, British Isles and Mediterranean Sea.<br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt409nd8pg&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">Abraam Krushkhov Collection</a><br />The Abraam Krushkhov Collection documents Krushkhov’s achievements in local, national, and international levels of urban planning. Materials (1933-1987) include speeches, writings, correspondence, education papers, and urban planning files relating to numerous U.S. and international regions including the plan for the new capitol of Nigeria in the 1980s.<br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt696nf0mm&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">California State Curriculum Commission Papers</a><br />Records of the Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission, commonly called the California State Curriculum Commission (CC), relating to textbook purchasing for California elementary, middle and high schools in the mid 1960’s. In 1965, “Land of the Free” was submitted as a proposed history textbook for use in eighth grade classes throughout California. Written by three professors, John Walton Caughey, John Hope Franklin, and Ernest R. May, the textbook was admonished by some, such as the then Superintendent of Public Instruction Dr. Max Rafferty, and praised by others. The content of the textbook brought about discussion about how the depiction of African American people and their history in the United States should be characterized in grade school textbooks.<br /><br /><a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt7779r05s&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">California State University Emeritus and Retired Faculty Association (CSU-ERFA) Collection</a><br />The California State University Emeritus and Retired Faculty Association (CSU-ERFA) Collection documents the activities of this advocacy organization of retired and emeritus faculty members. Materials (1985-2007)<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />.Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1917658700355747361.post-39272031887150913582009-01-08T11:31:00.000-08:002009-01-08T11:52:39.659-08:00Glenn Anderson Papers Guide Online!<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghwog9xswFs23AJ1aKbbMRGO5Nug_W1d1n5748Sd2W8xNIJRzDxEaKgVtDR0iePMorfk3UbDP0QCBprw6fbO5PJ-6uHVt26Pdo1M1PbM6X5PK7DY5Eh0wdELsTeDfXOE7NF-OvTsDRnyA/s1600-h/Anderson+pic.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5289013174353501970" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 224px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghwog9xswFs23AJ1aKbbMRGO5Nug_W1d1n5748Sd2W8xNIJRzDxEaKgVtDR0iePMorfk3UbDP0QCBprw6fbO5PJ-6uHVt26Pdo1M1PbM6X5PK7DY5Eh0wdELsTeDfXOE7NF-OvTsDRnyA/s320/Anderson+pic.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div>The Archives and Special Collections Department are please to announce the publication of the Glenn Anderson Collection finding aid on the Online Archive of California. the Finding aid can be found at <a href="http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt4x0nd9xg&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac">http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt4x0nd9xg&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac</a>.</div><br /><div>The largest collection in the Archives, the materials document Anderson's contributions to California and the nation. Anderson, Lieutenant Governor of California during the 1960s and South Bay Congressman during the 1970s and 1980s, was an important figure in modernizing roadways in Southern California and bringing education to Californians. The Glenn M. Anderson collection (1928-2000) contains papers and materials documenting Anderson’s long career in California and national politics. Anderson became involved in the California Democratic Party in the 1930s, when the Republican Party was dominant throughout the state, and from his earliest days he worked to strengthen his own party on the local and state level. In 1940, at age 27, Anderson became the youngest mayor in the United States and, except for a couple short periods, he remained in elected politics until 1993. During this time, in addition to his years as mayor, Anderson served as State Assemblyman, Lieutenant Governor, and United States Congressman. In addition to holding elected office, Anderson worked on behalf of the Democratic Party as Chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee, and he was one of the founding Chairs of the California Democratic Council, which helped vitalize the Democratic Party throughout California.</div><br /><div>The Collection is divided into 10 series as follows:</div><br /><div><br />Series I. Personal/Political Files (1921-1994)<br />Series II. Mayor of Hawthorne Files (1940-1941)<br />Series III. Democratic Clubs Files (1938-1940)<br />Series IV. State Assembly Files (1937-1950)<br />Series V. California Lieutenant Governor Files (1959-1983, bulk 1959-1967)<br />Series VI. U.S. Congressional Files (1969-1992)<br />Series VII. Subject Files (1943-1991)<br />Series VIII. Artifacts (ca. 1946-1994)<br />Series IX. Photographs (1870s-1990s)<br />Series X. Anderson Committee Files (1993-2001)</div><br /><div></div><br /><div>The collection is available for researchers and students to use in the Archives. </div><br /><div></div>Greg Williamshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331741988008416458noreply@blogger.com0